Question

Therapist:	“In our last session, you told me that you do not like attending any social gathering.”
Simran:	“Yes, I do not like to attend such functions and prefer to be alone.”
Therapist:	“Why is it so?"
Simran:	“When I was young my uncle made fun of me in front of my cousins. Since then, I shy away from social situation. I am very sensitive to criticism, so I prefer being on my own.”

1. Identify the disorder displayed by Simran.
2. Briefly discuss any three cause of the disorder displayed by Simran.

Answer 1

1. Social anxiety disorder, often known as social phobia, inhibits individuals from participating in activities or socializing with big crowds. Social anxiety disorder is a common mental illness that causes intense anxiety and fear in social situations. Individuals with social anxiety disorder may experience self-consciousness, fear of public humiliation, and concern about others' perceptions of them.
2. Here are some common factors that can contribute to the development of social anxiety disorder:
   1. Genetic Predisposition: Social anxiety disorder is partially inherited, with a family history of anxiety disorders or other mental health concerns increasing the likelihood of developing it. Witnessing and internalizing social anxiety behaviors in classmates or family members might lead to the development of this condition. Its development may be influenced by anxious behavior patterns or a tough childhood.
   2. Biochemical Elements: Neurotransmitter abnormalities, including serotonin and dopamine, may contribute to the development of social anxiety disorder. These neurotransmitters regulate mood, emotions, and stress responses. Maladaptive mental processes, including negative self-image, cognitive distortions, and excessive concern about social situations, can exacerbate social anxiety disorder. These mental health concerns may lead to anxiety, uncertainty, and social avoidance.
   3. Environmental Factors: Anxiety disorders can arise from unpleasant social experiences such as rejection, bullying, or public humiliation. Lack of social support, early experiences, and traumatic life events might contribute to the development of social anxiety. Individuals with social anxiety disorder may exhibit anomalies in the prefrontal cortex and amygdala parts of the brain, which are responsible for fear management.