Question

Study the climatic data of two cities in India given below and answer the following questions.

Cities	T/R	J	F	M	A	M	J	J	A	S	O	N	D
A	T	24	24	26	28	30	29	27	27	27	28	27	25
	R	4	2	2	2	18	465	613	329	286	65	18	2
B	T	25	26	28	31	33	33	31	31	30	28	26	25
	R	4	13	13	18	38	45	87	113	119	306	350	135

(T = Mean monthly Temperature in °C; R = Average monthly Rainfall in millimetres)

1. Account for the difference in the rainfall regimes of the two cities.
2. Why is the temperature lower during the months of July-September for city A and December-January for city B?

Answer 1

1. 
   
   1. City A:
      • Experiences extremely high rainfall from June to September, peaking in July (613 mm) and August (329 mm).
      • This pattern aligns with the South-West Monsoon, typical of western coastal areas such as Mumbai or Goa.
      • The Western Ghats enhance orographic rainfall during this season.

   2. City B:

      • Experiences moderate rainfall from June to September, but peak rainfall is from October to December, especially in November (350 mm).
      • This is due to the Northeast Monsoon, affecting the Coromandel Coast, suggesting a location like Chennai or Puducherry.
2. 
   
   1. City A (Lower Temps in July-September):
      • During monsoons, cloud cover and frequent rains reduce solar heating.
      • High humidity and rain lead to lower daytime temperatures despite the season being summer.
   2. City B (Lower Temps in December-January):
      • Being a tropical coastal city, City B sees its coolest weather in winter due to clear skies, shorter days, and post-monsoon cooling.
      • However, temperatures are still mild due to proximity to the sea, which moderates the extremes.