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प्रश्न
Ravi has a problem, so he asks his friends for advice. Read the conversation below and underline the expressions that are used for giving advice. (This could be done as role-play)
Ravi : My neighbours play very loud music, which disturbs me when I'm studying.
Mohan: Why don't you try persuading them to turn down the volume?
Shiela: If that doesn't work you could think of changing your study time.
Rahim: Why should Ravi have to do that? He really ought to report such antisocial behaviour to the police.
Shiela: Before taking drastic action like that, I would advise you to sort it out amicably with your neighbours.
Rahim: If l were you, I would play my music even louder!
Mohan: That won't solve his problem. Ravi, I think you should ask your father to take it up with your neighours.
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उत्तर
Ravi: My neighbours play very loud music and it disturbs me when I’m studying.
Mohan: Why don’t you try persuading them to turn down the volume?
Shiela: If that doesn’t work you could think of changing your study time.
Rahim: Why should Ravi have to do that? He really ought to report such a whimsical behaviour to the police.
Shiela: Before taking any such drastic action, I would advise you to sort it out amicably with your neighbours.
Rahim: If I were you, I would play my music even louder!
Mohan: That won’t solve his problem. Ravi, I think you should ask your father to take it up with your neighbours.
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
You are the grandmother. How did you feel when your granddaughter gave you the novel ‘Kashi Yatre’ ? Write your feelings in your diary.
To make your diary entry interesting, read the following information about what is a diary entry.
A diary entry is a purely personal piece of writing. The writer expresses his/her thoughts and feelings. Reactions to incidents are generally poured out in a diary. Hence expressions that are emotionally charged are used.
For example – When you are happy about something, you could start like this
8th July 20xx, Wednesday 8 pm
Today I am very happy as ………………………..
Based on your reading of the story, answer the following question by choosing
the correct option.
The narrator says that John was "______ of the suff that heroes are not often lucky
enough to be made of." His tone is sarcastic because __________
Based on your reading of the story, answer the following question by choosing
the correct option.
The narrator says that life has no geographical bounds implying that,
Answer the following question briefly.
One day last summer the author was travelling to Pittsburg by chair car. What does he say about his co-passengers?
Answer the following question briefly.
How did John’s first meeting with Jessie’s father go? What did the author tell him?
'Ode to Autumn' is a beautiful poem written by the famous poet John Keats.
Your teacher will read an excerpt from the poem. Pick phrases
which personify autumn.
Phrases
________________________ ______________________________
________________________ ______________________________
________________________ ______________________________
________________________ ______________________________
Ode to Autumn
John Keats
Season of mists and mellow fruitfulness!
Close bosom-friend of the maturing sun;
Conspiring with him how to load and bless
With fruit the vines that round the thatch-eaves run;
To bend with apples the mossed cottage-trees,
And fill all fruit with ripeness to the core;
To swell the gourd, and plump the hazel shells
With a sweet kernel; to set budding more,
And still more, later flowers for the bees,
Until they think warm days will never cease,
For Summer has o'erbrimmed their clammy cells.
Who hath not seen thee oft amid thy store?
Sometimes whoever seeks abroad may find
Thee sitting careless on a granary floor,
Thy hair soft-lifted by the winnowing wind;
Or on a half-reaped furrow sound asleep,
Drowsed with the fume of poppies, while thy hook
Spares the next swath and all its twined flowers;
And sometimes like a gleaner thou dost keep
The convict is the product of the society he had lived in, both, in terms of the
suffering that led him to steal a loaf of bread, as well as the painful sentence he
received as a punishment for his "crime". He was imprisoned for stealing money
to buy food for his sick wife. This filled him with despair, hopelessness,
bitterness and anger at the injustice of it all.
Conduct a debate in the class (in groups) on the following topic. Instructions for
conducting a debate and use of appropriate language are given in the unit “Children” of
the Main Course Book.
'Criminals are wicked and deserve punishment'
Now that you have seen some techniques for creating vivid images with language, try to compose a poem or write a short descriptive paragraph using similes and colourful expressions. Work in pairs if you prefer. Then read it out to the class.
Choose one of these themes: waves, stars and moon, rocks, sunset or sunrise.
Consider the following for your chosen theme:
• What does it look like?
• What does it feel like?
• What does it sound like?
• How does it move?
• Where do we see it?
• When do we see it?
Study the given notes and complete the paragraph that follows by filling in the blanks.
Mobile phones — emit electromagneticfield — prolonged exposure — researchneeded — brain illness — cancer memoryloss — evidence — likely to cause — healthscares — press reports — people worryneedlessly.
Think about it. Every time you use a mobile phone, (a)_____________ head to electromagnetic emission. Manufacturers (b)___________to prove there is no risk (c)_____________ . Some evidence, so far suggests that mobile phone emissions (d)_________ . These health scares (e)______ . So, people worry needlessly.
(a) (i) he exposes his
(ii) one exposes his
(iii) one exposes one’s
(b) (i) needed
(ii) are needed
(iii) have needed
(iv) need
(c) (i) in brain cancer or memory loss
(ii) from brain cancer or memory loss
(iii) with brain cancer or memory loss
(iv) of brain cancer or memory loss
(d) (i) are likely to cause illness
(ii) are likely for causing illness
(iii) is likely in causing illness
(v) is likely to cause illness
(e) (i) is base on press reports
(ii) have been based on press reports
(iii) are based on press reports
(iv) are being based on press reports
Edit the following narrative by choosing the appropriate word from the options given at the end of the paragraph.
(a) Wander along the streets of New York City, my daughters and (b) me stop at shoe stores wherever we (c) happens to be. This is their choice. These women, who as little (d) girl, teetered around the house (e) balances like cranes in my mother’s high heels. I (f) sits on the bench and wait while they try on shoe (g) on shoe readjusting their positions in (h) a mirror, eyes downcast considering their feet.
“So?” one of them (i) will ask me. “What do you think of these?” “I love them,” I say about (j) all pairs.
| (a) (i) wandered (ii) wandering (iii) were wandering (iv) was wandering |
| (b) (i) they (ii) I (iii) we (iv) us |
| (c) (i) happen (ii) happened (iii) are happening (iv) are happened |
| (d) (i) girls (ii) woman (iii) boys (iv) people |
| (e) (i) are balancing (ii) is balancing (iii) balanced (iv) balance |
| (f) (i) sit (ii) am sitting (iii) sat (iv) was sitting |
| (g) (i) after (ii) before (iii) in (iv) by |
| (h) (i) that (ii) the (iii) their (iv) x |
| (i) (i) is asking (ii) asks (iii) are asking (iv) asked |
| (j) (i) every (ii) few (iii) some (iv) a |
(a) Answer the following questions:
- Where were the characters at the time of narration?
- Who was travelling with the aunt?
- How did the children pass their time?
- How long would they take to reach Templecombe?
- How does the aunt respond to the children’s antics? Why do you say so?
(b) You must have used a variety of articles in your answer. Why did you use them? Discuss the reasons with your teacher.
Study the following pair of sentences from the description. Notice the use of
articles-a, an or the or no article (X).
e.g. The next stop was at X Templecombe.
An aunt belonging to the children sat in one corner.
In the corner sat a stranger.
Hence we conclude
1. No article is used before a proper noun.
2. 'The' is used to refer to a specific place/person/ object.
3. 'A' is used when the person/place is referred to for the first time.
4. 'An' is used before a vowel sound.
Why do you use the determiners? Match the determiners with their uses, using the clues given below:
- their; his; her; your;____ _________
- a few; a little; some;____ _________
- any ____ _________
- this; these; other___ _________
- two____ _________
Read the following excerpts from newspapers on various environmental issues.
Ban the Bag
The Indus Valley Civilisation left beautifullycrafted pottery that speaks volumes of the advances its people made. After 3,000 years, if the ruins we leave behind are excavated, chances are only plastic bags would be dug up. It may sound like an exaggeration, but these bags are not biodegradable. Apart from causing emissions when these are manufactured, noxious fumes are released while these are being burnt or disposed off. So, be kind to Mother Earth the next time you go shopping for groceries, remember to carry a cloth bag with you.
What India Should Do
India has released the National Action Plan on Climate Change. Is it adequate? Is there more that the country can do? Here are some ways how we can make a difference.
(a) SOLAR MISSION
1) To promote the use of solar energy through solar photovoltaic and thermal systems for power generation .
2) To integrate other renewable energy technologies like biomass and wind. 
(b) ENERGY EFFICIENCY
1) To mitigate GHG through sector-specific and cross-cutting technology and fuel switch options.
2) To use more LNG and biomass fuels besides seeking tech transfer. 
(c) SUSTAINABLE HABITAT
1) To promote energy efficiency in the residential and commercial sectors through LPG use.
2) To manage municipal solid waste and urban public transport in a better way. 
(d) WATER MISSION
1) To promote efficient water use, augment supply in critical areas and ensure effective management of water resources.
2) To have better management of surface and groundwater,and conserve wetlands. 
(e) SUSTAINING HIMALAYAS
1) To enhance monitoring and conservation of the Himalayan ecosystems, empower local communities for management of ecological resources and promote sustainable tourism. 
(f) GREEN INDIA
1) To reduce fragmentation of forests, enhance public and private investments for plantation, upscale joint forestry management and promote conservation of biodiversity. Need to afforest degraded lands.
(g) SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE :
1) To focus on four crucial areas - dry land agriculture, risk management, access to information and promoting the use of biotechnology.
2) To develop drought and pest resistant varieties. 
: Duties and Privileges
. In some schools the student - council members are assigned duties at the
beginning of every academic year.
Write a job description to be given to the newly elected Environment
Monitor of your school.
You may do this individually. Later your class as a whole can come out with one
duty list to be displayed on the soft-board. You may use the words given in the
box below.
can, may, can’t, mustn’t, must, should, have to.
Complete the table for the story you have read. By asking and answering questions, exchange information with your partner (for the story you have not read) and complete the other half of the table.
| Name | Shravan | Narendra |
| Age | ||
| Parents | ||
| How he spends a typical day | ||
| Recreation / hobbies | ||
| Hopes / dreams / ambitions |
Interactive practice
Individually, write down four sentences as in column A in 3.
| A (First speaker) | B (Questioner) | C (Reporter) | |
| 1. | What did he say? | ||
| 2. | What did she say? | ||
| 3. | What did he say? | ||
| 4. | What did the notice say? |
Read the following dialogue
Raghu : I think one of my snakes has escaped.
Sheela : Isn’t it dangerous? You really must stop collecting snakes, Raghu.
Raghu : But I like snakes – they are unusual pets.
Sheela : But I think it’s a dangerous thing to keep such pets.
Raghu : No, they’re not dangerous; they are really… .er… .quite friendly.
Sheela : Huh, snakes require a great deal of careful handling and are still a risk.
Raghu : i don’t mind. What matters is that I like them.
Sheela : Well, quite frankly, I hate them. They are awfully frightening to look at.
Raghu : Look, I am very careful and I handle them very gently. In fact, I don’t have many.
Sheela : Have you ever been bitten?
Raghu : Well, it’s true I’ve been bitten once or twice, but…
You are a friend who has overheard this conversation between Raghu and Sheela. Write to your sister reporting it. Give the conversation an interesting, unexpected or humorous ending. (The first part has been done for you.)
Janpath
5 January 2016
Dear Varsha
As you’re very interested in Raghu and his snakes, I thought I’d tell you about a conversation I heard between him and Sheela.
He told her he thought one of his snakes had escaped and, as usual, she told him to stop collecting them because they were dangerous. (Typical of Sheela, don’t you think?)
Pronouns
Direct speech indirect speech
| masculine | feminine | plural | |
| i | he | she | they |
| you | he | she | they |
| you | him | her | them |
| your | his | her | their |
| me | him | her | them |
| my | his | her | their |
| myself | himself | herself | themselves |
| we | they | ||
| use | them, their |
WORDS DENOTING TIME AND POSITION
When the reporting verb is in the past tense, certain words denoting nearness of
time and place are changed into words denoting distance.
It is treated necessary to change the words denoting nearness to words denoting
distance because, when we report the words of a person to somebody, the place
and time of the reporting is changed.
So the reported speech must be in line with the modified time and place.
| DIRECT SPEECH | INDIRECT SPEECH |
| this | that |
| these | those |
| now | then |
| ago | before |
| last night |
the previous night the night before |
| next day |
the following day the day after |
| today | the day |
| tonight | that night |
| yesterday |
the previous day the day before |
| tomorrow |
the next day the following day the day after |
| day before yesterday | the day before the previous day or two days before |
| day after tomorrow | the day after the next day ot in two days |
| week | the following week |
| now | then |
| here | there |
Impressed by your performance on Sports Day, the Chief Guest (an omcial of the Sports Club of India) decides to offer you a sports scholarship. Write an email to a friend about your performance and the scholarship offered.
Look at the notes given below and complete the paragraph that follows by choosing the correct option from the choices given.
Kamala Das alias Kamala Suraiyya - famous Indian writer - published auto
biography - My story - translated - foreign languages.
Kamala Das also (a)_______________ is (b)_______________She (c)_____________ ‘My Story’ when she was 42 years old. Her autobiography (d)________________ into many foreign languages.
| (a) (i) called as Kamala Suraiyya (ii) known by Kamala Suraiyya (iii) known as Kamala Suraiyya (iv) said as Kamala Suraiyya |
(b) (i) famous Indian writer (ii) a famous Indian writer (iii) the famous Indian writer (iv) famous as an Indian writer |
| (c) (i) published her autobiography titled (ii) published an autobiography titled (iii) published an autobiography as (iv) published an autobiography as |
(d) (i) is being translated (ii) will be translated (iii) have been translated (iv) has been translated |
Rearrange the following words and phrases to form meaningful sentences. The first one has been done for you as an example.
was/ about twenty / childhood / delight / years ago.
Childhood was a delight about twenty years ago.
(a) the leisure hours/of a child/ of the TV / today / are spent / in front
________________________________________________
(b) of most / now – a – days / the attitude / parents is / different
________________________________________________
(c) work and play / different things / they see / as / two
________________________________________________
(d) playing / feel / is a / waste of / they / time / that
________________________________________________
