Question

On what principle are the following methods of separation based? Give one example of a mixture for each of the methods mentioned in which they are used

Sedimentation and decantation

Answer 1

Sedimentation and decantation : The settling down of suspended, insoluble, heavy, solid particles in a solid- liquid mixture when left undistrubed is called sedimentation.
The solid which settles at the bottom is called sediment while the clear liquid above it is called supernatant liquid.
The process of pouring out the clear liquid, without disturbing the sediment, is called decantation.
Example : A mixture of sand and water.