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प्रश्न
Observe the following images and answer the questions.
- Which evolutionary evidences are indicated in the given picture?
- How are they formed?
- Which method is used to measure their age or their time?
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उत्तर
- The given pictures indicate paleontological evidences of evolution.
- Large number of organisms get buried due to disasters like flood, earthquake, volcano, etc. Remnants and impressions of such organisms remain preserved underground and form fossils.
- Carbon dating is a method used to measure the age of fossils.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
(a) Select the homologous structures from the combinations given below:
(i) Forelimbs of whales and bats
(ii) Tuber of potato and sweet potato
(iii) Eyes of octopus and mammals
(iv) Thorns of Bougainvillea and tendrils of Cucurbita
(b) State the kind of evolution they represent.
(a) Select the analogous structures from the combination given below:
(i) Forelimbs of whales and bats
(ii) Eyes of octopus and mammals
(iii) Tuber of sweet potato and potato
(iv) Tuber of Bougainvillea and tendrils of Cucurbita
(b) State the kind of evolution they represent
Explain with an example for the given, how the following provides evidence in favor of evolution in organisms :
Homologous organs
Given below is the list of vegetables available in the market. Select from these the two vegetables having homologous structures:
Potato, sweet potato, ginger, radish, tomato, carrot, okra (Lady’s finger)
(A) Potato and sweet potato
(B) Radish and carrot
(C) Okra and sweet potato
(D) Potato and tomato
With the help of any two suitable examples explain the effect of anthropogenic actions on organic evolution.
If you are asked to select a group of two vegetables, out of the following, having homologous structures which one would you select?
(a) Carrot and radish
(b) Potato and sweet potato
(c) Potato and tomato
(d) Lady finger and potato
Differentiate between analogy and homology giving one example each of plant and animal respectively.
State a reason for the increased population of dark coloured moths coinciding with the loss of lichens (on tree barks) during industrialization period in England.
An example of homologous organs is
Enlist any four sequential evolutionary names of human ancestors.
Explain with an example for the given, how the following provides evidence in favor of evolution in organisms :
Fossils
Name the scientists who Discovered the fossil of Australopithecus
The presence of which of the following types of organs in two animals indicates that they are not derived from a common ancestor?
(a) homologous organs
(b) excretory organs
(c) analogous organs
(d) reproductive organs
The organs P and Q of two animals have different structures but similar functions. On the other hand, the two organs R and S of two other animals have the same basic structure but different functions.
(a) What are the organs like P and Q known as?
(b) Name the organs like P and Q. Also name the animals which have such organs.
(c) What are the organs like R and S called?
(d) Name the organs like R and S. Also name the animals which have such organs.
Select a set of homologous organs from the following:
(A) Wings of a bat and wings of a butterfly
(B) Wings of a pigeon and wings of a bat
(C) Wings of a butterfly and wings of a pigeon
(D) Forelimbs of a duck, forelimbs of a cow and forelimbs of a lizard
Complete the following chart:
“Appearance of melanised moths post-industrialisation in England is a classic example of evolution by natural selection.” Explain.
What do you mean by vestigial structures? Name four vestigial organs found in man.
Choose the correct option of the following question:
Wings of Insect and Birds are examples of :
Explain any three molecular (genetic) evidences in favour of organic evolution.
Define phylogeny.
Long answer question.
Would you consider wings of butterfly and bat as homologous or analogous and why?
Name the parts shown in the diagram.
Human jaw
Write the answers to the questions by observing the figure below.
 |
 |
 |
| (a) | (b) | (c) |
- Write the name of the animal ‘(a)’ in the figure.
- Write the name of the animal ‘(b)’ in the figure.
- Write the name of the animal ‘(c)’ in the figure.
- Which evolutionary evidence is illustrated by this figure?
- Write the definition of that evidence for evolution.
Why do all the gametes formed in human females have an X chromosome?
Basic principles of embryonic development were pronounced by:
The process of mating of individuals, which are more closing related than the average of the population to which they belong is called ______.
Organs having similar functions but different origin and development are known as:
Which of the following is used as an atmospheric pollution indicator?
What are we referring to? When we say 'simple organisms' or 'complex organisms'.
Give an example for convergent evolution and identify the features towards which they are converging.
How do we compute the age of a rock?
While creation and presence of variation is directionless, natural selection is directional as it is in the context of adaptation. Comment.
The evolutionary story of moths in England during industrialisation reveals, that 'evolution is apparently reversible'. Clarify this statement.
Define the term:
Homologous organs
Complete the following conceptual picture:
