Question

Mention the target cells of luteinising hormone in human males and females. Explain the effect and the changes which the hormone induces in each case.

Answer 1

In males: LH (also called ICSH) targets the Leydig cells of the testes. It stimulates them to secrete testosterone, which supports spermatogenesis and the growth and function of male reproductive organs.

In females: LH acts on ovarian follicular cells and, after ovulation, on the corpus luteum. A mid-cycle LH surge induces rupture of the mature Graafian follicle and release of the secondary oocyte (ovulation). It also promotes formation and functioning of the corpus luteum, which secretes progesterone and oestrogen to support the uterine lining.