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प्रश्न
Irony refers to the use of words to convey a meaning that is the opposite of their literal meaning. Working in pairs bring out the irony in the following:
(a) The title of the story, “The Best Seller”.
(b) Pescud’s claim, “When people in real life marry, they generally hunt up somebody in their own station. A fellow usually picks out a girl who went to the same high school and belonged to the same singing-society that he did.”
(c) The name Trevelyan.
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उत्तर
- Ram: The title of the story, “The Best Seller” is ironical.
Sita: That it is. Irony refers to the use of words to convey a meaning that is opposite to their literal meaning.
Ram: John A. Pescud doesn’t like ‘best-sellers’ like “The Rose Lady and Trevelyan.”
Sita: He thinks that they present a highly unreal, exaggerated and romantic version of life.
Ram: But he himself is the “Best Seller”.
Sita: After all, he is a travelling salesman. He knows all the tricks and arts of selling.
Ram: And he sells such an incredible story.
Sita: He criticises Trevelyan but imitates his real life.
Ram: He is another Trevelyan hunting for petunias for his princess Jessie Allyn. - Ram: Don’t you feel John A. Pescud is a hypocrite.
Sita: Without any doubt, he is.
Ram: Pescud claims “When people in real life marry, they generally hunt up somebody in their own station.”
Sita: He thinks that “A fellow usually picks out a girl who went to the same high school and belonged to the same singing society that he did.”
Ram: What John A. Pescud claims, he does just the opposite.
Sita: This is what irony is. He criticises best¬sellers.’ They present a highly unreal, exaggerated and romantic version of life.
Ram: But John doesn’t marry a sales girl. He falls in love with the “finest looking girl, a descendant of belted earls. She was the owner of a grand mansion as big as the Capitol at Washington - Ram: In the end, the narrator wishes good luck to John, calling him Trevelyan.
Sita: The address is ironical.
Ram: Trevelyan falls in love with a royal Princess from Europe. He follows her to her father’s kingdom or principality.
Sita: And John A. Pescud does exactly the same.
Ram: John criticises the hero of “The Rose and Trevelyan” but imitates him.
Sita: He doesn’t run after a sales girl but after the finest girl, a descendant of belted earls.
Ram: And this modem Trevelyan hunts petunias for her princess Jessie Allyn in Coketown.
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
Answer the following questions:
With many a curve my banks I fret’—What does the poet mean by this statement?
Answer the following questions: ‘
I wind about, and in and out’. What kind of a picture does this line create in your mind?
Answer the following question.
Why is the rain divine?
Answer the following question.
Why did the poet go to the dentist? How could she have avoided it?
Toothache
Doki : Oh! I'm in agony. I didn't sleep a wink last night!
Moki : Why don't you go to a dentist?
Doki : Even thinking about the dentist's waiting room gives me the willies.
Moki : It's because you haven't been to a dentist for ages.
Doki: What a reassuring person you are!
Moki : I'm now going to get Mom. She'll only crack the whip and make you go to the
dentist.
Doki: No, No! I'd better go with you. At least you'd save me from going into the surgery.
Moki : I can only take the horse to the water but I can't make it drink! I'm sure, you're going
to turn tail and go home.
Doki: Don't worry, I shall be led quietly into the dentist like a lamb because my tooth is so
sore.
Moki : If that happens, I would believe that wonders will never cease!
Doki: I wish I had taken proper care of my teeth!
Moki : I wish you had paid attention to the discipline that Mom had laid for all of us!
Doki: Yeah! But past can't be undone. I have to reap what I had sown.
Your teacher will read out the conversation between Doki and his
sister, Moki. As you listen complete the idioms and expressions listed below.(GIVEN ABOVE)
1. sleep…...….............………….
2. ………....……….me the willies
3. crack the…………..............….
4. take the……………….to water
5. …………...................…….tail.
6. wonders will……….........…….
7. ……………….can't be undone.
8. reap what I …………………….
Idioms are metaphorical expressions rather than literal. For example 'give someone
the willies' does not simply mean 'to handover something called willies to someone',
but 'to make someone feel nervous'. It is important for learners of English to
understand them and be able to use them.
If you could buy your dream house today what are some specific features you
would want for your house? Write them in the bubbles below.
An astronaut is speaking to the Mission Control from her capsule, describing geographical features she can see on Earth. Decide which features she is talking about. Fill in the gaps in the astronaut’s description below. Use the names given in the box with the correct determiners (a, an, the). (The first two have been done for you):
“There is very little cloud cover at
- The moment. I can see India right below me.
- The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are clearly visible, and of course there is
- ______ to the south. I can see where
- ______ flows into
- ______ A little higher are the glistening snows of
- _______but I can’t see
- _______itself. I can just make out
- _______ to the west. I’m passing over
- _______ right now. To the north, I can just see
- _______in the centre of the vast expanse of
- _______ In the far north, the ice of
- _______ is clearly visible.”
In pairs, match A and B to produce likely phrases.
| A | B |
| A(n)
Some A pair of A piece of |
horse |
There is sometimes more than one sensible combination as in the example.
Carbon Footprint - Project Work
A carbon footprint is a representation of the effect human activities have on the climate in terms of the total amount of greenhouse gases produced (measured in units of carbon dioxide). So, it is a measure of the impact we make individually on the earth; by the choices we make regarding our lifestyle. Many activities generate carbon emissions, which contribute towards accelerating global warming and climate change.
Total carbon footprint/ emission quantification would include energy emissions from human activities - such as, from heat, light, power and refrigeration and all transport related emissions from cars, freight and distribution.
By measuring the carbon footprint through such tools as carbon calculators, we can get a better sense of what the individual impact is and which parts of our lifestyle deserve strict regulation.
In groups, choose and research any one aspect of how we are leaving carbon footprints and how can we modify our lifestyle. Each group will then make a project on the various aspects.
In groups, work on one of the topics mentioned in 8(a)-(g). Research your topic by collecting relevant articles from the print and electronic media (like the National Geographic). Make a power point presentation of 10-12 minutes. You can also use film clippings to enrich your presentation.
(a) SOLAR MISSION
1) To promote the use of solar energy through solar photovoltaic and thermal systems for power generation .
2) To integrate other renewable energy technologies like biomass and wind. 
(b) ENERGY EFFICIENCY
1) To mitigate GHG through sector-specific and cross-cutting technology and fuel switch options.
2) To use more LNG and biomass fuels besides seeking tech transfer. 
(c) SUSTAINABLE HABITAT
1) To promote energy efficiency in the residential and commercial sectors through LPG use.
2) To manage municipal solid waste and urban public transport in a better way. 
(d) WATER MISSION
1) To promote efficient water use, augment supply in critical areas and ensure effective management of water resources.
2) To have better management of surface and groundwater,and conserve wetlands. 
(e) SUSTAINING HIMALAYAS
1) To enhance monitoring and conservation of the Himalayan ecosystems, empower local communities for management of ecological resources and promote sustainable tourism. 
(f) GREEN INDIA
1) To reduce fragmentation of forests, enhance public and private investments for plantation, upscale joint forestry management and promote conservation of biodiversity. Need to afforest degraded lands.
(g) SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE :
1) To focus on four crucial areas - dry land agriculture, risk management, access to information and promoting the use of biotechnology.
2) To develop drought and pest resistant varieties. 
Will and Shall
Look at this cartoon which shows the difference in the use of present continuous and will to express the future.
It’s Mike’s birthday on January 2nd.
Write what each symbol means using can, can’t, must, mustn’t.
Look at the picture below and list some phrases and words that come to your mind when you look at it.
Answer the following question by ticking the correct option.
The Manor House stood out because of its _______________
Answer the following question by ticking the correct option.
Cecil Barker's first reaction at the sight of the dead Douglas was to _____
On the basis of your reading of the extract, tick the most appropriate answer :
a. Tom's mind had drifted away because
• Becky Thatcher had stopped coming to school
• he no longer took an interest in war.
• the charm oflife was gone.
• he had put his hoop and his bat away.
b. Aunt Polly was concerned because:
• Tom was hanging around Becky Thatcher's father's house all night
• Tom no longer took an interest in anything
• she was infatuated with patent medicines
• she had a fever
c. She was filled with gratitude when she tested the new medicine as
• it was simply fire in a liquid form.
• her troubles were instantly at rest
• Tom's indifference was broken.
• Tom was responding well
d. 'Mending the health of a crack' means
• repairing a crack in the sitting-room floor
• looking after his health
• pouring the medicine into a crack in the sitting-room floor
• giving the medicine to the cat
Review of passives
Look back on the exercises in this Unit. Discuss why the passive is used in each of these different circumstances.
Can you think of any other times when it is best to use the passive?
Look at the notes below. Then use the information to complete the paragraph by choosing a suitable word or phrase in each space.
Bishnois – always – nature worshippers – 1730 A.D. – Maharja Abhay Singh’s men – fell – khejri trees – Amrita Devi – hug a tree – protested – insisted – to cut her head first – men obliged – Amrita – a legend.
Bishnois have (a) ____________. In 1730 A.D. Maharaja Abhay Singh’s (b) ____________ fell Khajri trees. Amrita Devi, a true Bishnoi, (c) ____________ and expressed (d) ____________. She insisted that if they wanted to cut the tree (e) ____________. The unrelenting men of the Maharaja obliged her and the (f) ____________.
| (a) (i) always been regarded as nature worshippers (ii) always been called as nature worshippers (iii) always knew nature worshippers (iv) always done nature worshippers |
(b) (i) men coming to (ii) men started (iii) men began to (iv) men came to |
(c) (i) hug a tree (ii) hugging a tree (iii) hugged a tree (iv) hugs a tree |
| (d) (i) his protest (ii) her protest (iii) their protest (iv) protesting |
(e) (i) they may cut her head first (ii) they would have to cut her head first (iii) they can cut her head first (iv) they should cut her head first |
(f) (i) woman became a legend (ii) woman becomes a legend (iii) women became a legend (iv) woman read a legend |
Write a magazine article about both the boys, in which you bring out the similarities and differences in their lives. Use the table you completed in Question 3. Give your article a suitable title. Remember 'CODER'.
Organise your article like this
Paragraph 1 : Give their names and ages. Compare their families, parents and backgrounds.
Paragraph 2 : Compare how each spends a typical day and their recreation/ hobbies.
Paragraph 3 : Compare their hopes / dreams / ambitions and your assessment of their future.
Rearrange the jumbled words to form meaningful sentences.
(a) at developing / there have been / a modern / many attempts / snowboard
(a) ______________________________________
(b) ______________________________________
(c) and a rope / at the / two skiis / were bound / was placed / front end / together
(c) ______________________________________
(d) declared / snowboarding / in 1994 / was / event / an Olympic
(d) ______________________________________
(e) across the globe / is a / this recognition / huge victory / snowboarders / to the
(e) ______________________________________
