Question

Humsab Foundation is a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) working to improve the lives of children with medical needs, the homeless and victims of natural disasters. Apart from donations in cash, they collect dry ration, old clothes, shoes, toys, books and medicines from donors. At Humsab Foundation’s office in Bhopal the material collected is segregated, classified and put in shelves and boxes that are labelled systematically. There is a specific place for each of these items and volunteers put everything at their respective places. The volunteer work is divided into specific jobs like fund raising, field visits, social media updates and so on. Each volunteer is part of a particular team, depending on their competency and training. Each volunteer becomes specialized in their respective field, leading to efficient utilization of human effort.

1. Identify the two principles of management adopted by Humsab Foundation. (1)
2. Briefly explain the principles identified in part (i). (2)
3. Enumerate any two effects of violating the above two identified principles at workplace. (2)
4. With reference to Scientific Management, distinguish between Taylor’s and Fayol’s principles. (3)

Answer 1

1. Two Principles: 
   1. Order
   2. Division of work
2. 1. Order: There should be a proper place for everything and everyone. Systematic arrangement ensures smooth functioning.
   2. Division of Work: Work should be divided into small tasks, and each person should do what they are best at. This increases efficiency and productivity.
3. Two Effects of Violating These Principles at Workplace: 
   1. Without Order: Leads to confusion, wastage of time and resources, and hampers smooth functioning.
   2. Without Division of Work: Causes overburdening, lack of expertise, and decreased productivity.

4. Taylor’s Principles	Fayol’s Principles
   Focuses on improving efficiency at shop-floor level.	Focuses on improving overall managerial efficiency.
   Emphasizes scientific techniques, like time study and motion study.	Emphasizes universal principles, like equity, discipline, and unity.
   Concerned mainly with workers.	Concerned with managers and the entire organization.