Question

How the Indian State has tried to implement some of the Directive Principles?

How are the Directive Principles of the Indian Constitution implemented?

Answer 1

1. Legislative Measures: The government has enacted several laws to realise the goals set by the Directive Principles. Some important examples include:
   • Right to Education Act (2009): Ensures free and compulsory education for children up to 14 years, fulfilling Article 45.
   • Equal Remuneration Act (1976): Enforces equal pay for equal work for both men and women (Article 39).
   • Land reform laws: Implement Article 39(b) and (c) concerning distribution of material resources and prevention of wealth concentration.
   • Prohibition laws: In some states follow Article 47, which advises banning intoxicating drinks and drugs.
2. Administrative Policies and Welfare Schemes: The government introduces policies and schemes targeting socio-economic development, such as:
   • Panchayati Raj System under the 73rd Amendment (1992), in line with Article 40.
   • Health and nutrition programmes, like the Mid-Day Meal Scheme and National Health Mission, align with Articles 47 and 39(e).
3. Constitutional Amendments: To enhance the importance of DPSPs, significant amendments have been made:
   • 42nd Amendment Act, 1976: Emphasised that DPSPs are fundamental in governance.
   • 86th Amendment Act, 2002: Made education a Fundamental Right, also supporting DPSPs.
4. Judicial Interpretation: Though not enforceable by courts, the Supreme Court has often interpreted laws and Fundamental Rights in harmony with DPSPs. The judiciary has recognised their value in shaping a just society and influencing legal decisions that promote welfare.