Question

How nerve impulses are transferred from one neuron to the next neuron?

Answer 1

All the information from the environment is detected by the receptors, located in the sense organs such as the eyes, nose, skin and etc. Information from the receptors is transmitted as an electrical impulse and is received by the dendritic tips of the neuron. This impulse travels from the dendrite to the cell body and then along the axon to its terminal end. On reaching the axonal end, it causes the nerve endings to release a chemical (neurotransmitter) that diffuses across a synapse and starts a similar electrical impulse in the dendrites of the next neuron, then to their cell body to be carried along the axon.

The electrical signal reaches the brain or spinal cord. The response from the brain (or spinal cord) is similarly passed on to the effector organs such as the muscle or gland cell, that undergoes the desired response.