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प्रश्न
How depletion of the ozone layer affect living organisms?
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उत्तर
- The thinning of the ozone layer results in an increase in the levels of UV radiation reaching the earth’s surface. In humans, increased UV radiation causes ageing of the skin, damage/injuries to skin cells and skin cancers including melanoma.
- It also causes cataracts and even permanent damage to the cornea, weakening of immune system. UV radiation also causes mutations in living organisms.
- DNA and proteins of living cells absorb the UV rays, and high energy of UV radiation breaks the chemical bonds of these molecules, thus affecting normal metabolism.
- UV radiation inhibits photosynthesis in most phytoplanktons as it penetrates through the ocean water. This affects the entire food chain in the aquatic ecosystem.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Give one harmful effect of CFC.
The gas A is used by most of the animals to obtain energy from food by the process of respiration. When A is acted upon by radiation X, it gets converted into another gas B which is an allotrope of A but poisonous when inhaled. B forms a kind of layer C in the upper atmosphere which absorbs radiations X coming from a source Y and prevent them from reaching the earth. Some chemicals Z released from the various devices on the earth are destroying the layer C slowly. In fact, a hole has already been formed in layer C over the area D of the earth.
(a) What are gases (i) A, and (ii) B? Write their molecular formulae.
(b) Name the layer C.
(c) What are (i) X, (ii) Y, and (iii) Z?
(d) Name the area D.
(e) Name any two human ailments which may be caused by X.
Match the items in column I with the closely related ones in column II.
| Column l | Column lI | ||
| (i) | Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) | (a) | Global warming |
| (ii) | Fly ash | (b) | Biodegradable |
| (iii) | Cow dung | (c) | Nuclear radiation pollutant |
| (iv) | CO2 and methane | (d) | Acid rain |
| (v) | Sulphur dioxide | (e) | Industrial waste |
| (vi) | Iodine-131 | (f) | Ozone depletion |
Discuss in detail the process of ozone depletion.
State the role of chlorofluorocarbons in ozone destruction or depletion [no equations required].
Give balanced equation for the following conversion [one or two steps].
Oxygen to ozone gas by photolysis.
Which spectrum of the light harmful to organism: ____________.
Which of the following radiations is responsible for the conversion of atmospheric oxygen to ozone?
Why is ozone layer getting depleted at the higher levels of the atmosphere? Mention one harmful effect caused by its depletion.
World Ozone day is celebrated on ______.
