Question

Give two important characteristics of the summer monsoon rainfall in India.

Give three important characteristics of the summer monsoon rainfall.

Discuss main characteristics of the summer monsoon rainfall.

Answer 1

1. The monsoon rainfall in India is unevenly spread and sporadic. Thus, places like the western Ghats receive heavy rainfall of more than 200 cm, whereas the desert regions of Rajasthan receive scanty rainfall of less than 50 cm a year.
2. Monsoon rainfall in India is orographic in nature. Thus, the windward slopes of the Western Ghats receive more rain than the leeward slopes.

Answer 2

1. Seasonal and Periodic: The summer monsoon rainfall occurs between June and September, primarily due to the southwest monsoon winds. This seasonal rainfall marks the transition from the dry summer months to the rainy season.
2. Heavy and Intense: The monsoon rains are typically heavy and intense, especially during the onset and withdrawal of the monsoon. Some regions, like the western coast and northeastern states, experience very heavy rainfall, while other areas receive moderate rainfall.
3. Orographic (Relief) Effect: The rainfall is orographic in nature, meaning areas on the windward side of mountains receive heavier rainfall, while the leeward side (rain shadow areas) remains relatively dry. This effect is particularly noticeable along the Western Ghats and Himalayas.