Question

Give the names of some genetic disorders.

Answer 1

1. Disorders due to numerical changes in the chromosomes: Down’s syndrome, Turner’s syndrome, Klinefelter’s syndrome.
2. Monogenic disorders caused due to mutations: Hutchinson’s disease, Tay-Sachs disease, galactosaemia, phenylketonuria, sickle cell anaemia, cystic fibrosis, albinism, haemophilia, night blindness, etc.
3. Polygenic disorders: Cleft lip, cleft palate, constricted stomach, spina bifida (a defect of the spinal cord), etc. are polygenic disorders. Diabetes, blood pressure, heart disorders, asthma, and obesity are also polygenic disorders.