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प्रश्न
Give a brief outline of descriptive personality theories.
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उत्तर
Descriptive personality theories focus on identifying and describing the traits that make people different from one another. Instead of explaining how personality develops, these theories aim to classify, measure, and organize consistent patterns of behavior.
They suggest that each individual has certain traits that are relatively stable over time and across situations. Psychologists such as Gordon Allport emphasized identifying central and secondary traits unique to a person. Raymond Cattell used factor analysis to identify source and surface traits. Hans Eysenck proposed broad dimensions like extraversion and neuroticism. Costa and McCrae developed the Five-Factor Model, which describes personality using five main traits: Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism (OCEAN).
These theories help us systematically describe and measure personality differences, making it easier to understand and predict human behavior.
