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प्रश्न
Explain the working and application of a sonar.
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उत्तर
SONAR is an acronym for Sound Navigation And Ranging. It is an acoustic device used to measure the depth, direction, and speed of under-water objects such as submarines and ship wrecks with the help of ultrasounds. It is also used to measure the depth of seas and oceans.
A beam of ultrasonic sound is produced and transmitted by the transducer (it is a device that produces ultrasonic sound) of the SONAR, which travels through sea water. The echo produced by the reflection of this ultrasonic sound is detected and recorded by the detector, which is converted into electrical signals. The distance (d) of the under-water object is calculated from the time (t) taken by the echo to return with speed (v) is given by 2d = v × t. This method of measuring distance is also known as ‘echo-ranging’.
संबंधित प्रश्न
Give two practical applications of reflection of sound waves.
Name the characteristic of sound which depends on (a) amplitude (b) frequency, and (c) waveform.
Fill in the blank with suitable word :
Pitch of sound depends on ....................
Fill in the blank with suitable word :
Loudness of sound depends on .....................
Draw labelled diagrams to represent (a) soft sound, and (b) loud sound, of the same frequency.
How is it that bats are able to fly at night without colliding with other objects ?
Explain how, flaws (or defects) in a metal block can be detected by using ultrasound.
Name an animal which navigates and finds food by ecolocation.
What is sonar ? Explain its use.
Expand the abbreviation of the term SONAR.
