Question

Explain why transition metals and their compounds act as a catalyst.

Why do several transition metals and their compounds act as catalysts?

Answer 1

This is because of transition metals:

1. have a number of unpaired electrons in their (n − 1) d-orbitals
2. can show variable oxidation states.
3. form intermediates and provide a new reaction path having a lower energy of activation.
4. they can adsorb one of the reactants on their surfaces.

Answer 2

1. Transition metals have vacant d-orbitals, which can accept electrons.
2. They show variable oxidation states, allowing them to form and break bonds easily.
3. They have a tendency to form complexes with reactants, creating unstable intermediates.
4. These intermediates provide an alternate reaction path with lower activation energy, speeding up reactions.
5. Finely divided transition metals or their compounds offer large surface areas for reactant adsorption.
6. Adsorption brings reactant molecules closer, helping them react faster.
7. The catalyst is regenerated after the reaction as intermediates decompose to products.