Question

Explain call by reference with a suitable example.

Explain call by reference with an example.

Answer 1

1. In call by reference, when a function is invoked, the addresses of the actual arguments are passed to the formal parameters, meaning both refer to the same memory location.
2. As a result, any change made to the formal parameters directly affects the values of the actual arguments.
3. The variables modified inside the function are returned to the calling program with their updated values.
4. For example:
   

   void swap(int &a, int &b)
   {
       int temp = a;
       a = b;
       b = temp;
   }