Question

Distinguish between

Top level management and lower level management.

Answer 1

No.	Points	Top Level Management	Lower Level Management
(1)	Meaning	Top level management refers to top position in the organization such as Board of Directors, CEO, President, Managing Director, etc.	Lower level management refers to lower/ last positions in the organization. E.g. superintendents, supervisors, etc.
(2)	Nature of work	It is concerned with framing plans and policies of the entire organization.	It is considered with actual execution of planning.
(3)	Skills	It requires conceptual or decision making skills than technical skills.	It requires more technical skills than other skills.
(4)	Promotion policy	At this level promotion is given on merit.	Promotion is based on seniority basis.
(5)	Time frame	It considers longer period of time i. e. 5 to 20 years.	It considers very short period of time i.e. upto one year.
(6)	Responsibility	Top level is responsible to shareholders, government and society.	It is responsible to both top and middle level management.
(7)	Flow of order	Orders and instructions are passed to middle level.	Implementation is done as per the orders of middle level and reports are submitted to middle level.