Question

Discuss the three-tier system of local self-government in rural areas.

Answer 1

The three tiers of local self-government are Gram Sabha and Village Panchayat at the base, Panchayat Samitis in the middle, and Zila Parishads at the top.

1. Gram Sabha and Village Panchayat: Every village with a population of 200 or more has a Gram Sabha. It includes all eligible voters in that area. It must meet at least six times every year.
2. Panchayat Samitis: The Panchayat Samiti is the intermediate stage in the Panchayti Raj system, consisting of the following types of members:
   1. Voters directly elect 6 to 10 members.
   2. Some seats are reserved for SC, ST and OBC.
   3. Elected representatives of Panchayat Sarpanches.
   4. Local MLAs and MLCs. The Panchayat Samiti serves for a five-year tenure. It operates with the assistance of Block Development Officers and a team of Block Extension Officers who are experts in various sectors.
3. Zila Parishads: Zila Parishad members are divided into the following categories:
   1. 10 to 25 directly elected members represent all seats within the Zila Parishad's jurisdiction. Approximately 50,000 people vote for one representative.
   2. All chairmen of Panchayat Samitis are within the Zila Parishad's jurisdiction.
   3. Members of Parliament and the Legislative Assembly represent the area. It meets once every three months. The function varies from state to state. It oversees the operations of the Panchayat Samiti and approves its budget.