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प्रश्न
Differentiate between Natural selection and artificial selection.
फरक स्पष्ट करा
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उत्तर
| Aspect | Natural Selection | Artificial Selection |
| Definition | Process in nature where organisms better adapted to the environment survive and reproduce, increasing frequency of advantageous alleles. | Human-directed selection where individuals with desirable traits are chosen to breed, improving domesticated species. |
| Agent of Selection | Environmental pressures and natural conditions. | Humans selecting for specific traits of interest. |
| Criteria for Selection | Survival and reproductive success in the natural environment. | Desirable phenotypic traits for agriculture, animal breeding, etc. |
| Outcome | Leads to survival of the fittest; drives evolution naturally. | Produces varieties and breeds with specific, enhanced characteristics. |
| Time Scale | Operates continuously over long evolutionary timescales. | Can produce change more rapidly over generations through breeding. |
| Examples | Resistance to DDT in mosquitoes; sickle-cell anemia allele and malaria resistance; industrial melanism in peppered moth. | Breeding of cows for high milk yield; domestic varieties of pigeons, broccoli, cabbage derived from wild ancestors. |
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