Question

Describe any two provisions made in the Constitution to establish the model of ‘secular governance’ in India.

Answer 1

1. Preamble: It declares India a “Soveregin Socialist Secular Democratic Republic,” thereby stating there is no official state religion and expressing the Constitution’s commitment to equal treatment of all religions.
2. Fundamental‑rights guarantees on religion: Articles 25–28 guarantee freedom to profess, practice and propagate any religion (or none), and Article 15 prohibits discrimination on grounds of religion; the Constitution also empowers the state to intervene in religious practices to ensure equality (for example, banning untouchability).