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प्रश्न
Define entropy.
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उत्तर
Entropy (S) is defined more precisely as a thermodynamic state function that measures the degree of randomness or disorder of the particles in a system.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Answer the following in one or two sentences.
State whether ΔS is positive, negative or zero for the reaction 2H(g) → H2(g). Explain.
Answer the following in one or two sentences.
State second law of thermodynamics in terms of entropy.
Answer the following in one or two sentences.
Comment on the spontaneity of reactions for which ∆H is positive and ∆S is negative.
Answer the following question.
Although ΔS for the formation of two moles of water from H2 and O2 is –327J K–1, it is spontaneous. Explain.
(Given ΔH for the reaction is –572 kJ).
Answer the following question.
Obtain the relation between ΔG and `triangle "S"_"total"`. Comment on the spontaneity of the reaction.
A system is changed from an initial state to a final state by a manner such that ∆H = Q. If the change from initial state to final state was made by a different path, then ____________.
What is the entropy change (in J K−1 mol−1) when one mole of ice is converted into water at 0°C? (The enthalpy change for the conversion of ice to liquid water is 6.0 kJ mol−1 at 0°C)
In how many of the following, ∆S is positive?
i. Melting of ice
ii. Sublimation of iodine
iii. Dissolution of CuSO4 in water
iv. Condensation of water vapour
v. Dissociation of H2 molecule into atoms
vi. Conversion of carbon dioxide gas to dry ice
vii. Vaporization of acetone
In which of the following, ∆S is positive?
Which one of the following has ΔS0 greater than zero?
For the following reaction:
\[\ce{Fe2O3_{(s)} + 3CO_{(g)} -> 2Fe_{(s)} + 3CO2_{(g)}}\]; ΔH0 = −29.8 kJ and ΔS0 = 15 J K−1. What is the value of \[\ce{ΔS_{(total)}}\] at 298 K?
For a reaction to be non-spontaneous at all temperatures, values of ΔH and ΔS respectively are ____________.
If ΔH° and ΔS° for the reaction \[\ce{N2O_{4(g)} -> 2NO_{2(g)}}\] is 57.24 kJ and 175.8 JK-1 mol-1 respectively. What is the value of ΔG° for this reaction at 298 K?
Which of following is residual entropy of a substance?
The H-H bond energy is 430 kJ mol-1 and Cl-Cl bond energy is 240 kJ mol-1. ΔfH for HCl is - 90 kJ, then H-Cl bond energy is ______.
The equilibrium constant for a reaction is 10, value of ΔG° at 300 K is (R = 8 × 10-3 kJ)
When will be change in Gibb's free energy always negative?
Identify the unit used for measurement of energy according to international system of units?
A reaction is spontaneous at low temperatures but non-spontaneous at high temperatures. Which of the following is true for the reaction?
Standard enthalpy and standard entropy changes for the oxidation of ammonia at 298 K are −382.64 kJ mol−1 and −145.6 JK−1 mol−1, respectively. Standard Gibb's energy change for the same reaction at 298 K is ______.
Dinitrogen and dioxygen combined to form nitrous oxide in equilibrium at 850 K. The equilibrium constant for this reaction is 0.56. If the equilibrium concentration of nitrous oxide gas is 3 × 10-3 M and both dinitrogen and dioxygen have the same concentration, then what will be the concentration of dinitrogen gas in M?
Write the correct condition for spontaneity in terms of Gibbs energy.
Identify whether the following pair have a larger entropy or not. If yes then Why?
C2H5OH(l) or C2H5OH(g)
What is a spontaneous process? What are its characteristics?
Calculate ΔG for ΔH = − 110 kJ, ΔS = + 40 J K−1 at 400 K.
The entropy of vaporisation of benzene is 85 J K−1 mol−1. When 117 g of benzene vaporises at its boiling point, what is the entropy change of the surroundings if the process is at equilibrium?
Change in Gibbs energy for a certain reaction at 300 K is –24 kJ and change in enthalpy is –16 kJ. What is the entropy change of the reaction?
