मराठी

Consists of Legal Proposition(S)/ Principle(S) (Hereinafter Referred to as 'Principle') and Facts. Such Principles May Or May Not Be True in the Real and Legal Sense, Yet You

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प्रश्न

Consists of legal proposition(s)/  principle(s) (hereinafter referred to as 'principle') and facts. Such principles may or may not be true in the real and legal sense, yet you have to conclusively assume them to be true for the purposes of this Section. In other words, in answering these questions, you must not rely on any principle except the principles that are given herein below for every question.  
Further, you must not assume any facts other than those stated in the question. The objective of this section is to test your interest in study of law, research aptitude, and problem-solving ability, even if the 'most reasonable conclusion' arrived at may be absurd or unacceptable for any other reason. It is not the objective of this section to test your knowledge of the law.  
Therefore, to answer a question, the principle is to be applied to the given facts and to choose the most appropriate option. 

Principle: According to the law of trade unions in India, no suit or other legal proceeding shall be maintainable in any civil court against any registered trade union or any officer or member thereof in respect of any act done in contemplation or in furtherance of a trade dispute.

Facts: Soloman, the Secretary of a registered Trade Union took a loan from a bank for the higher education of his daughter. Soon after completing the course, she was married to an NRI Engineer. Solomon did not repay the loan. The Bank demanded the payments from Soloman and warned him that the Bank will take suitable legal action against him. Identify the legal position in this regard.

पर्याय

  • Soloman did not use the loan amount for his use and hence, no action can be initiated against him.

  • The Bank cannot initiate any action against Soloman as he is the Secretary of a Registered Trade Union.

  • The Bank can recover the loan amount from the Trade Union as Soloman is the Secretary of the Union.

  • The Bank can file a suit for recovery of the loan amount against Soloman as he took the loan for a personal purpose and in such case, no immunity will work.  

MCQ
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उत्तर

The Bank can file a suit for recovery of the loan amount against Soloman as he took the loan for a personal purpose and in such case, no immunity will work.  

Explanation:

The Bank can file a suit for recovery of the loan amount against Soloman as he took the loan for a personal purpose and in such case, no immunity will work. The Trade Union Act does not provide any immunity in any civil court to either a registered Trade Union or its officer against non-repayment of a personal loan.

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Contract Law
  या प्रश्नात किंवा उत्तरात काही त्रुटी आहे का?
2016-2017 (May) Set 1

संबंधित प्रश्‍न

A owns a residential flat. He is entitled to a quiet possession and enjoyment of his property. This is called


From the four answers given below, Choose the appropriate answer.

All contracts are agreements. All agreements are accepted offers. Which of the following derivation is correct?


Mark the incorrect answer
The main purpose of the Law of Contract is


Given below is a statement of legal principle followed by a factual situation. Apply the principle to the facts and select the most appropriate answer.  

Principle: Where both parties to an agreement are under a mistake as to the matter of fact essential to the agreement, the agreement is void.

Factual Situation: A had a piece of land. He believed that the value of the land was ₹1,000 per square foot. B knew that the value of the land was infact ₹1,500 per square foot. However, he did not inform A and purchased the land at ₹1,000.


Given below is a statement of legal principle followed by a factual situation. Apply the principle to the facts and select the most appropriate answer.

Principle: Contractual liability is completely irrelevant to the existence of liability in tort (civil wrong).

Facts: X purchased a bottle of ginger-beer from a retailer. As she consumed more than 3/4 of the contents of the bottle, she found a decomposed remains of a snail in the bottle. After seeing the remains of a snail, she fell sick on the thought of what she consumed. She sued the manufacturer of the beer for negligence, though there is no contractual duty on the part of the manufacturer.


The question consists of legal propositions/principles (hereinafter referred to as 'principle') and facts. These principles have to be applied to the given facts to arrive at the most reasonable conclusion. Such principles may or may not be true in the real sense, yet you have to conclusively assume them to be true. In other words, in answering the following question, you must not rely on any principles except the principle that is given hereinbelow for the question. Further, you must not assume any facts other than those stated in the question. The objective of this section is to test your interest in the study of law, research aptitude, and problem-solving ability.

Principle: Mere silence as to facts likely to affect the decision of a person to enter into a contract does not amount to fraud unless his silence is in itself equivalent to speech.
Facts: A sells to B a horse which A knows to be of unsound mind. B says to A that if A does not say anything about the state of mind of the horse, then B shall presume that the horse is of sound mind. A says nothing to B about the mental condition of the horse.


Principle: When a future event on which a contract is dependent is the way in which a person will act at an unspecified time, then the event shall be considered to become impossible when such person does anything which renders it impossible that he should so act within any definite time, or otherwise than under further contingencies. If the event becomes impossible such agreements become void. 

Factual Situation: A agrees to pay B a sum of ₹1 if B marries D in A's lifetime. D marries E and soon thereafter. A dies. Whether an agreement between A and B could be enforced if E dies within 1 year of marriage and B marries D?


Study the following information and answer the questions that follow:

Principle: A 'fixture' is something attached to the land or a building in such a way that it is regarded as an irremovable part of the property you are considering buying. Some typical 'fixtures' in a home include the hot water service, range top, wall oven, fixed floor coverings, light fittings, and a built-in (under bench) dishwasher. Garden plants, including bushes and trees, are also 'fixtures'.
Rule A. When land is sold, all 'fixtures' on the land are also deemed to have been sold.
Rule B. If a movable thing is attached to the land or any building on the land than it becomes a 'fixture'.
Factual Situation 1: Khaleeda wants to sell a plot of land she owns in Beghmara (Meghalaya) and the sale value decided for the plot includes the fully-furnished palatial six-bedroom house that she has built on it five years ago. She sells it to Gurpreet for ₹60 lakh. After completing the sale, she removes the expensive Iranian carpet which used to cover the entire wooden floor of one of the bedrooms. The room had very little light and Khaleeda used this light-colored radiant carpet to negate some of the darkness in the room. Gurpreet, after moving in, realizes this and files a case to recover the carpet from Khaleeda.

Situation 2:
Assume that in the above fact scenario, Khaleeda no longer wants the carpet. She removes the elaborately carved door to the house after the sale has been concluded and claims that Gurpreet has no claim to the door. The door in question was part of Khaleeda's ancestral home in Nagercoil (Tamil Nadu) for more than 150 years before she had it fitted as the entrance to her Beghmara house.

Rule C If a moveable thing is placed on land with the intention that it should become an integral part of the land or any structure on the land, it becomes a fixture. Applying  Rules A and C, to the fact situations in questions Situation 1 and Situation 2,  as a judge you would decide in favour of  


LEGAL PRINCIPLE: When one person signifies to another his willingness to do or abstain from doing anything, with a view to obtaining the assent of that person to such an act or abstinence, he is said to have made a proposal.

FACTUAL SITUATION: Ram sends a telegram to Sohan, writing: “Will you sell me your Rolls Royce car? Telegram the lowest cash price.” Sohan also replied by telegram: “Lowest price for the car is ₹20 lakh.” Ram immediately sent his consent through telegram stating: “I agree to buy the car for ₹20 lakh asked by you.” Sohan refused to sell the car. 

DECISION:


The following question consists of two statements, one labelled as. 'Assertion' and the other as 'Reason'. Read both the statements carefully and answer using the codes given below.

Assertion (A): Custom to have the force of law must be followed from time immemorial.
Reason (R): Custom represents the common consciousness of the people.


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