Question

Answer the following question in detail with the help of the given points:

Write in detail about Cold War:

1. Definition of Cold War
2. Background of Cold War
3. Progression of Cold War

Answer 1

1. Definition of Cold War: 
   1. The tussle between Capitalist nations and Communist nations for power and ideological influence, which began after the Second World War is referred to as ‘Cold War’. 
   2. Walter Lippmann, an American political columnist was the first to use the term ‘Cold War’.
2. Background of Cold War: 
   1. The aftermath of Second World War created conditions leading to the onset of Cold War.
   2. England and France lost their primary positions in the world politics.
   3. During the world war Russia gained prominence in Eastern Europe, while America, England and France gained prominence in Western Europe.
   4. Thus, Europe was divided in Eastern and Western Europe. The Eastern European nations under the influence of Soviet Russia adopted communist ideology. The Western European nations under the influence of America adopted capitalist ideology and democratic system. This situation caused the emergence of ‘Cold War’.
3. Progression of Cold War:
   1. After the Second World War was over, America had a ‘Marshall Plan’ for post-war reconstruction of Europe.
   2. Under this plan America started providing financial help to these nations.
   3. Soviet Russia started encouraging the freedom movements in Asia and Africa.
   4. Because of the division of Europe into Eastern Europe and Western Europe a political tension was created between America and Soviet Russia. Although, a direct war between them never took place, the sense of the looming Third World War prevailed at global level. However, both parties have been mutually avoiding any possibilities of such world war. 
   5. The communist ideology of Soviet Russia was based on the principle of governmental ownership and the capitalist ideology of America was based on the principle of private ownership.