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प्रश्न
12 defective pens are accidentally mixed up with 132 good ones. It is not possible to just look at a pen and tell whether it is defective or not. One pen is taken out at random from the lot. Find the probability that the pen taken out is defective.
बेरीज
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उत्तर
Given: 12 defective pens and 132 good pens (total 144).
Total possible outcomes = 144.
Number of favourable outcomes (defective) = 12.
Probability = `"Favourable"/"Total"`
= `12/144`
= `1/12 ≈ 0.08333`
The probability that the pen taken out is defective = `1/12`.
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