Topics
Home Management
Budgeting and Saving
- Management of Household Finances: Budgeting and Saving
- Budgeting
- Factors Affecting Family Budget
- Steps in Preparing Budget
- Judicious Utilization of Availabl-e Resources
- Concept of Saving
Space Organisation in the Kitchen
- Space Organisation in the Kitchen
- Characteristics of a Good Kitchen
- Layout and Plannings
- Work Triangle
- Kitchens Are Planned to Save E Ergy and Time
Growth and Development During Middle Childhood
Home Furnishing
- Home Furnishing
- Objectives of Home Furnishing
- Factors Affecting Selection of Fabrics
- Fibre Characteristics
- Curtains and Draperies
- Rugs and Its Types
- Carpets
- Upholstery Fabric
Meal Planning
Milestones of Development
- Milestones of Development
- Growth and Development
- Concept of Gang Age
- Stages of Development
- Physical Development (Middle Childhood - 6 to 12 Years)
- Social Development (Middle Childhood 6-12 Years)
- Emotional Development (Middle Childhood 6-12 Years)
- Cognitive Development (Middle Childhood 6 To12 Years)
- Language Development (Middle Childhood 6to12 Years)
- Developmental Tasks
Selection and Care of Textiles and Clothing
Communication and Extension
Role of the Family, Peer Group and School in Middle Childhood
- Role of the Family
- Role of Peer Group
- Role of Schools
Common Learning Difficulties of Children; Role of Family, School and Peers.
- Learning Disabilities in Children
- Recognising Learning Disabilities
Balanced Diet
- A Balanced Diet
- Characteristics of a Balanced Diet
- Food Groups
Meal Planning for the Family.
- Meal Planning for the Family
- Principles of Meal Planning
- Importance of Meal Planning
- Factors Affecting Meal Planning
- How to Save Money, Time and Energy by Meal Planning
- Meals of the Day
- Meal Plans for Different Age Groups
Storage and Preservation of Food
- Hygienic Handling
- Storage of Food
- Household Methods of Preservation of Food
Selection of Fabrics
- Selection of Fabrics
- Finishing of the Fabrics
- Desirable Features of the Fabrics
- Factors Affecting Selection of Fabrics
Selection of Readymade Garments
- Selection of Readymade Garments
- Need for Readymade Garments
- How to Select Or Buy Readymade Garments
- Advantages of Readymade Garments
- Disadvantages of Readymade Garments
- Checking the Workmanship of the Readymade Garments
- Factors Affecting the Selection and Consumption of Readymade Garments
Laundering
- Laundering of Clothes
- Methods of Cleaning
- Laundry at Home
- General Methods for Removing Dirt from Fabrics
- Common Steps in Laundering at Home (Wet Method)
- Laundering Specific Fabrics
- Laundering of Fabrics Made from Natural Fibres
- Laundering of Fabrics Made from Artificial (Or Manmade) Fibres
- Difference Between Wet and Dry Methods of Cleaning
- Methods of Finishing
- Storage of Clothes
- Stains and Their Removal
- Common Stains and Their Removal
Laundry Material
- Water
- Detergents
- Soap
- Stiffening Agents
- Starch
- Blues
- Optical Brighteners
- Bleaching Agents
- Oxidising Bleaches
- Reducing Bleaches
- Additional Laundry Reagents
- Fabric Softeners Or Fabric Conditioners
- Fabric Stain Removers
Social and Economic Issues in India
- Understanding Terminology Related to Development
- Some Developmental Schemes and Programmes in India
- Gender Discrimination
- Women Empowerment
- Child Labour
- Human Trafficking
- Child Abuse
- Social Impact of Sex Ratio, Female Foeticide and Infanticide
- Morbidity and Mortality
- Carbon Footprint
- Population Explosion in India
- Human Capital
- Poverty Line
- Some Developmental Schemes and Programmes in India
Role of Government Towards a Developed India
- DWCRA (Development of Women Children in Rural Areas)
- MNREGA (Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, 2005)
- Ayushman Bharat
- Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PM-JAY)
- Ujjwala Yojana
- Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY)
Communication Aids
- Communication Aids
- Flyers, Pamphlets, Leaflets, Or Posters
- Brochures
- Puppet Shows
- Street Plays
- Introduction
- Objectives
- Food and Non-Food Items Included
- Real-Life Application
- Key Point Summary
Maharashtra State Board: Class 11
Introduction
The poverty line marks the minimum monthly income or expenditure needed for basic needs like food, housing, health, and education. Anyone with less than this threshold is considered poor.
Maharashtra State Board: Class 11
Objectives
- Identifies who needs help (Below Poverty Line, BPL).
- Helps target poverty alleviation and welfare programmes.
- Tracks and compares poverty trends over time and across regions.
Maharashtra State Board: Class 11
Food & Non-Food Items Included
| Food Items | Non-Food Items |
|---|---|
| Rice, wheat, pulses | Rent, clothing |
| Milk, eggs, oil | Electricity, water |
| Vegetables, fruits | Education, healthcare |
| Sugar, salt | Transport, hygiene |
Maharashtra State Board: Class 11
Real-Life Application
A rural family with ₹700/month cannot afford two meals a day, medicine, or school fees and lives below the poverty line.
Maharashtra State Board: Class 11
Key Point Summary
- The poverty line separates the poor from the non-poor for policy.
- Estimated using MPCE and calorie norms.
- Causes include inequality, low growth, and social factors.
- Government schemes aim to reduce poverty.
