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Cellulose-rich food substances are good source of roughage in human beings because ______.
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Name the parts of the alimentary canal where water gets absorbed from undigested food.
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Mark the following statement as True or False. If false, write the correct statement.
All heterotrophs have a similar basic process of nutrition.
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Digestion of food starts in ______ and gets completed in ______.
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Following statements describe animal nutrition. Read the statement and give one word for the statement. Write the terms that describe process.
Breaking of complex food substances into simpler and soluble substances.
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Fill in the blanks using the words listed below.
| water, front, intestinal, salts, pseudopodia, back, vacuole |
- The digestion of all food components is completed by the ______ juice.
- Large intestine absorbs ______ and some ______ from the undigested food.
- Tongue is attached at the ______ to the floor of the mouth cavity and is free at the ______.
- Amoeba pushes out ______ around the food and traps it in a food ______.
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Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow it.
| Bile juice is stored in a sac called, gall bladder, located near its organ of secretion, liver. The gall bladder releases the bile juice into the small intestine whenever food reaches there. Though bile juice is devoid of any digestive enzymes, it is required for the digestion of fats. The fats cannot be digested easily because they are insoluble in water and are present as large globules. Bile juice breaks down big fat droplets into smaller droplets. These are then easily digested by the enzymes released from the pancreas. |
- Which organ secretes the bile juice?
- Why is digestion of fats difficult as compared to that of other nutrients?
- How does bile juice help in the digestion of fat?
- Where is the digestion of fat completed?
- Does bile juice digest fat completely?
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Label the following parts in Figure and name them.
- The largest gland in our body.
- The organ where protein digestion starts.
- The organ that releases digestive juice into the small intestine.
- The organ where bile juice gets stored.
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Solve the crossword given as Figure.

| Across | Down | ||
| 1. | Cream-coloured digestive gland | 2. | Feeds with the help of pseudopodia |
| 3. | Undigested excretory solid residues | 6. | Total number of molars in one jaw of an adult |
| 4. | Organ that mixes saliva with the food | 8. | Largest gland |
| 5. | Point of defecation | 9. | Watery secretion in the mouth |
| 7. | Stored in gall bladder | 11. | A ruminant |
| 10. | Finger-like outgrowth in the small intestine | 12. | Form of food chewed by ruminants |
| 13. | Kind of taste buds | ||
| 14. | Kills bacteria in the stomach | ||
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Think of ten different fruit-bearing plants. Remember that many vegetables are also fruits of the plants. Discuss with your teacher, parents, farmers, fruit growers and agricultural experts (if available nearby) and find out the manner of their dispersal. Present your data in the form of a table as shown below:
| S. No. | Name of fruit-bearing plant | Agent through which seeds are dispersed | Part of or seed which helps in dispersal |
| 1. | |||
| 2. | |||
| 3. |
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The ruminants bring back swallowed grass into their mouth and chew it for some time.
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Name the type of carbohydrate that can be digested by ruminants but not by humans. Give the reason also.
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Can we survive only on raw, leafy vegetables/grass? Discuss.
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Following statements describe animal nutrition. Read the statement and give one word for the statement. Write the terms that describe process.
Removal of undigested and unabsorbed solid residues of food from the body.
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Amoeba digests its food in the ______.
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Write one difference between the nutrition in Amoeba and human beings.
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Draw and identify different elements of phloem.
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Match the animals in Column I with their mode of feeding listed in Column II
| Column I | Column II | ||
| Animals | Mode of Feeding | ||
| (a) | House fly | (i) | Biting and chewing |
| (b) | Cockroach | (ii) | Suckling |
| (c) | Mosquito | (iii) | Sponging |
| (d) | Infants | (iv) | Sucking |
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Write one similarity between nutrition in amoeba and humans.
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