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Prejudice can exist without discrimination and vice versa. Comment.
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Anna, the head girl of the school, gives more opportunities to the members of Red House than those of Blue or Green House. This is because she feels they are less capable. She even ignores the advice of her teachers to give equal opportunities to all the Houses. Which strategy will help in handling this prejudice?
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Vinita holds a negative attitude towards individuals of a particular community. She avoids interacting with or helping them in college. Identify and explain the behaviour being exhibited by Vinita.
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How does self-fulfilling prophecy help in strengthening prejudices? Give an example to support your answer.
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Read the case and answer the questions that follow.
| The Pygmalion effect, or Rosenthal effect, is a psychological phenomenon in which high expectations lead to improved performance in a given area. The hypothesis was that expectations can influence performance. Robert Rosenthal chose an elementary school in California for his study and having tested all the children’s IQ, the researchers selected a sample of children at random. He informed the teachers that these were children of high academic potential. Following the test, the teachers were given the names of the ‘intellectual bloomers,’ but no scores were disclosed. At the end of the school year, all the students retook the test. While the overall scores had risen, the so-called ‘intellectual bloomers’ had improved the most because of the teachers' efforts and the attention they got from them. The evidence seemed to indicate that the teachers’ expectations had an impact on the student outcomes, especially in the younger students. A similar process works in the opposite direction in the case of low expectations. The idea of the Pygmalion effect can be applied in many situations. Our beliefs about others can lead us to treat them in such a way that they subsequently start behaving in accordance with our beliefs. |
Identify and explain the source of prejudice which leads students to perform poorly.
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What is the typical format of a counselling interview?
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What do you understand by the term counselling? Explain the characteristics of an effective counsellor.
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To be an effective counsellor, it is mandatory that she/he undergoes professional training. Do you agree with this statement? Give reasons in support of your arguments.
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What are the ethical considerations in client-counsellor relationships?
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Enumerate the different ways of coping with stress.
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Given what you know about coping strategies, what suggestions would you give to your friends to avoid stress in their everyday lives.
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______ is a dynamic situation-specific reaction to stress.
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Ayesha focuses on her priorities, plans her work and schedules her time effectively. This is suggestive of the _________ coping strategy.
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Resham has been overwhelmed by the quantum of work in her office. She has been advised of some stress management techniques by her counsellor. What are the two techniques that you think would be helpful for her to manage stress?
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Individuals differ in the coping strategies that they use to deal with stressful situations. Justify this statement by highlighting various coping strategies.
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Ritik uses imagery and imagination to reduce his stress levels. Identify the technique being used by Ritik.
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Describe how life skills can help meet life’s challenges.
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Discuss the factors that lead to positive health and well-being.
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Supportive friends and family provide _________ by reassuring the individual that she/he is loved, valued, and cared for.
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_________ is a behavior or skill that helps to communicate clearly and confidently, our feelings, needs, wants and thoughts.
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