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Distinguish between positive externalities and negative externalities.
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Giving valid reasons explain which of the following will not be included in estimation of National Income of India?
- Purchase of shares of X. Ltd. by an investor in the National Stock Exchange.
- Salaries paid by the French Embassy, New Delhi to the local workers of the housekeeping department.
- Compensation paid by the Government of India to the victims of floods.
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Study the following information and compare the Economies of India and Singapore on the grounds of ‘Investment in infrastructure as a percentage of GDP’
| Some Infrastructure in India and other Countries, 2018 | |||||
| Country | Investment* in Infrastructure as a % GDP | Percentage of people using safely managed | Mobile Subscribers/100 People | Consumption of energy (mL tonnes of oil equivalent) | |
| Drinking Water Sources | Sanitation Services | ||||
| China | 44 | 96 | 72 | 115 | 3274 |
| Hong Kong | 22 | 100 | 92 | 259 | 31 |
| India | 30 | 94 | 40 | 87 | 809 |
| South Korea | 31 | 98 | 100 | 130 | 301 |
| Pakistan | 16 | 35 | 64 | 73 | 85 |
| Singapore | 28 | 100 | 100 | 146 | 88 |
| Indonesia | 34 | 87 | 61 | 120 | 186 |
Sources: World Development Indicators 2019, World Bank website: www.worldbank.org.; BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2019. 69th Edition.
Note: (*) refers to Gross Capital Formation.
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Assertion (A): Unemployment and poverty are inseparable twins.
Reason(R): Unemployment is the root cause of all socio-economic evils
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Defend or refute the following statement with a valid explanation:
‘Disguised unemployment is a common form of unemployment in rural India’
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Read the following text carefully and answer question given below:
|
The centre's PM Gati Shakti Scheme will give much needed push to infrastructure development and logistic across India. This scheme will drive the economic growth by giving boost to industries such as steel and cement. Greater connectivity is expected to improve economic opportunities for small farmers and small and medium enterprises through new roads, cargo terminals etc. The Gati Shakti Scheme features at the centre stage of Budget 2022-23, highlighting the importance of quality multi-modal transport in achieving overall cost competitiveness. Under Gati Shakti Scheme, the railways will develop new products and services targeted at small farmers and businesses to help them become a part of layer supply chain. (Source: The Economic Times, Feb., 2, 2022 (Modified) |
- State the meaning of infrastructure.
- Explain any two objectives of PM Gati Shakti Scheme.
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'Ram is able to get work only for two hours in a day. Rest of the day, he is looking for work.' Is he unemployed? What kind of job could person like Ram be doing?
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"Under the flexible exchange rate system, the Central Bank does not intervene in the foreign exchange market."
Justify the statement, giving valid arguments.
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Explain the impact of home currency depreciation on the exports of a nation.
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Graphically, Aggregate Demand function can be obtained by vertically adding the ______ and ______ function.
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State the meanings of the following:
Operating Surplus
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Suppose, the price of one UK Pound (£) has increased from ₹ 70 to ₹ 80, owing to market forces.
This means that value of Indian Currency (₹) has ______.
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Giving valid reason, state whether the following statement is true or false:
Depreciation of the Indian Currency will lead to promotion of Indian exports.
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State and explain any two main causes behind infrastructural development by British rule.
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“In rural areas of India more members of a family are engaged on work, yet the gross income of the family is generally low.”
Identify the type of unemployment indicated in the above statement and explain the paradox associated with it.
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What is perfect oligopoly?
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State the behaviour of marginal product in the law of variable proportions. Explain the causes of this behaviour
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State the different phases of change in the total product according to the Law of Variable Proportions. Use diagram
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What are the different phases in the Law of Variable Proportions in terms of Total Product ? Give reasons behind each phase. Use diagram.
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What do you understand by ‘parametric shift of a line’? How does a line shift when its (i) slope decreases, and (ii) its intercept increases?
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