- Aim: To study the pattern of agricultural land use in a village or selected area.
- Objective: To collect information about crops, soil, slope, drainage and irrigation.
- Method: Obtain village (cadastral) map, divide students into groups and prepare questions for farmers.
- Procedure: Visit fields, mark land use on map using symbols (W–wheat, R–rice, C–cotton), and record soil and irrigation details.
- Tabulation: Arrange collected data in tables for proper understanding.
- Mapping: Prepare land-use and soil maps using colours and line shading.
- Analysis & Conclusion: Analyse area under crops, soil types, irrigation and suggest improvements if needed.
Key Points
Key Points: Agricultural Land Use Survey
Key Points: Outline and Stages of Field Survey
- Planning of Field Work: Decide the topic and area, collect maps and prepare a questionnaire before going to the field.
- Base Map Use: Data collected in the field are plotted on a base map of the concerned area.
- Sample Survey: Instead of studying the whole area, selected samples may be taken to save time and effort.
- Instructions to Students: Be polite, ask clear questions, record answers immediately and do not make false promises.
- Stages of Survey: Preliminary → Operational → Tabulation → Mapping → Reporting.
- Data Presentation: Collected data are arranged in tables, maps and finally presented in a report.
- Types of Local Surveys: Examples include agricultural land use survey, household survey, traffic survey and study of industry.
Key Points: Study of A Manufacturing Industry
- Purpose: To study the working and importance of a manufacturing unit in a particular area.
- Objectives: To know location factors, land use, labour, capital, markets and employment generation.
- Choice of Unit: Prefer a small independent factory or workshop for detailed study.
- Questionnaire: Ask about products, raw materials, machinery, capital, inputs and outputs.
- Labour & Markets: Collect data on number and type of workers and main markets of the products.
- Resources & Services: Study power supply, water source, transport facilities and land use.
- Conclusion: Assess growth, stability and importance of the industry for the local economy.
Key Points: Household Survey
- Purpose: Household survey is conducted to study population size, age, education, occupation and income of families.
- Objectives: To collect data about family size, marital status, income sources and classify families by income level.
- Method: Select 30–60 families, prepare a questionnaire and draw a sketch/map of the locality.
- Procedure: Visit houses personally, collect data through proforma and explain the purpose of the survey clearly.
- Processing & Conclusion: Classify data into tables (income, family size, living standard), calculate averages/percentages and present results using charts or diagrams.
