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प्रश्न
What is nuclear energy? Name the process used for producing electricity using the nuclear energy.
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उत्तर १
When a heavy nucleus is bombarded with slow neutrons, it splits into two nearly equal light nuclei with a release of tremendous amount of energy. In this process of nuclear fission, the total sum of masses of products is less than the total sum of masses of reactants. This lost mass gets converted into energy. The energy so released is called nuclear energy.
Principle: The heat energy released due to the controlled chain reaction of nuclear fission of uranium-235 in a nuclear reactor is absorbed by the coolant which then passes through the coils of a heat exchanger containing water. The water in heat exchanger gets heated and converts into steam. The steam is used to rotate the turbine which in turn rotates the armature of a generator in a magnetic field and thus produces electricity.
उत्तर २
Nuclear energy is the energy released by the atom’s nucleus during a nuclear reaction. It is an exothermic process. The process of Nuclear fission is used to produce electricity.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Write Einstein's mass-energy equation. Give the meaning of each symbol which occurs in it.
The following question are about the nuclear reactor of a power plant.
Why is liquid sodium (or carbon dioxide gas) pumped through the reactor?
Calculate the energy released in joules when 5 g of a material is completely converted into energy doing a nuclear reaction.
In a nuclear power plant, coolant is a substance:
(a) which cools the hot, spent steam to condense it back to water
(b) which transfers heat from reactor to water in heat exchanger
(c) which is boiled to make steam to turn the turbine
(d) which cools the generator coils to prevent their overheating.
Which of the following can be produced during the nuclear fission as well as nuclear fusion reactions?
(a) protons
(b) deutrons
(c) electrons
(d) neutrons
Give a scientific reason.
The construction of turbine is different for different types of power plants.
An element 92U238 losses one alpha particle, and then one β-particle and then again one β- particle to get the final nucleus bQa.
(i) Write down the values of a and b.
(ii) State the relationship between the nuclei P and Q.
In nuclear power plants, the chain reaction cannot be controlled.
In an atomic power station, nuclear energy is converted into electrical energy.
Give scientific reason.
It is absolutely necessary to control the fission reaction in nuclear power plants.
