Question

Observe the figure and answer the following question:

1. Identify the type of energy generated and state the advantages of using it.
2. Which two areas can be well suited for its generation?
3. Briefly describe the method of generating electricity by this method.
4. In India this source of energy has been divided into provinces. Name three such provinces.

Answer 1

1. • The type of energy generated is geothermal energy. 
   • Advantages of using geothermal energy:
     1. It is a renewable and inexhaustible source of energy.
     2. It is environment-friendly with low emissions of greenhouse gases.
     3. It can be produced continuously, regardless of weather or season.
     4. The maintenance cost is relatively low.
     5. Geothermal plants occupy less space.
     6. It is independent of supply-demand fluctuations and exchange rates.
2. Regions with underground hot springs or geothermal reservoirs such as Puga Valley in Ladakh and Manikaran in Himachal Pradesh.
3. Brief method of generating electricity by geothermal energy:
   1. Hot water or steam is pumped from deep underground through wells.
   2. When the hot water reaches the surface, the pressure drops, converting it into steam.
   3. The steam spins a turbine which drives a generator to produce electricity.
   4. The steam is then cooled in a cooling tower and condensed back to water.
   5. The cooled water is injected back underground to sustain the reservoir pressure and repeat the cycle.
4. In India, the geothermal energy sources have been divided into provinces. Three such provinces are:
   1. Himalayan geothermal province
   2. Naga-Lushai geothermal province
   3. Andaman-Nicobar Islands geothermal province.