Question

Identify the type of overlap present in F₂. Explain diagrammatically.

Answer 1

p–p σ overlap:

1. This type of overlap takes place when two p orbitals from different atoms overlap along the internuclear axis.
   e.g. Formation of F₂ molecule by p–p σ overlap:
   Fluorine atom (Z = 9) has electronic configuration 1s² 2s² \[\ce{2p^2_{{x}}}\] \[\ce{2p^2_{{y}}}\] \[\ce{2p^1_{{z}}}\]
   During the formation of F₂ molecule, the half-filled 2p_z orbital of one F atom overlaps with a similar half-filled 2p_z orbital containing electron with the opposite spin of another F atom axially, and a p–p σ overlap is formed.
2. Diagram: