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प्रश्न
Explain the permutit method for softening hard water.
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उत्तर
Permutit is an artificial zeolite. Chemically, it is hydrated sodium aluminium orthosilicate with the formula Na2Al2Si2O8.XH2O. For the sake of convenience, let us give it the formula Na2P.
A tall cylinder is loosely filled with lumps of permutit. When hard water containing calcium and magnesium ions percolates through these lumps, ions exchange. Sodium permutit is slowly changed into calcium and magnesium permutit, and the water becomes soft with the removal of calcium and magnesium ions.
When no longer active, permutit is regenerated by running a concentrated solution of brine over it and removing calcium chloride formed by repeated washing.
\[\ce{CaP + 2NaCl -> Na2P + CaCl2}\]
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संबंधित प्रश्न
What do you observe when Washing soda is exposed to air ?
Name the compound responsible for temporary hardness.
How will you distinguish between soft water and hard water?
Give balanced equation to show how temporary hardness in water can be removed by boiling.
Give balanced equations to show how permanent hardness in water can be removed by addition of washing soda.
Give reason for the following:
Hardness in temporary water can be removed by boiling, but hardness in permanent hard water cannot.
Give reason for the following:
Washing soda can be used to remove both temporary and permanent hardness in water.
Using given sample of temporary and permanent hard water, soft water, ordinary soap, detergent and washing soda how would you prove the advantage of detergent over soap.
Two samples of water are placed in a beaker individually. State how you will determine experimentally which of the two samples contains permanent hard water.
Write a note on ion exchange.
