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प्रश्न
Explain with diagram step-by-step energy conversion in Nuclear Power Plant.
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उत्तर
Nuclear power plants consist of nuclear reactors. These reactors use uranium rods as fuel and heat is generated by the process of nuclear fission. Neutrons smash into the nucleus of the uranium atoms, which roughly split into half and release energy in the form of heat. Carbon dioxide gas is pumped through the reactor to take the heat away. The hot gas then heats water to form steam. This steam drives the turbines of generators to produce electricity. Thus, the steps of energy conversion are:
Nuclear energy→Thermal energy →kinetic energy in steam→kinetic enegry in turbine
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संबंधित प्रश्न
What are the characteristics of an ideal fuel (or good fuel)?
The calorific value and ignition temperature of fuel A are 55 kJ/g and 80°C, respectively. These values for fuel B are 80 kJ/g and 10°C, respectively. On burning, the fuel A produces CO2 and H2O while the fuel B produces CO2 , CO and SO2. Give three points of relative and disadvantages of these two fuels.
The calorific values of five fuels A, B, C, D and E are given below:
| A | 48KJ/g |
| B | 17KJ/g |
| C | 150KJ/g |
| D | 50KJ/g |
| E | 30KJ/g |
Fill in the following blank with suitable word:
Splitting of a heavy nucleus into two lighter nuclei is called ........
What is the source of energy of the sun and other stars?
How is the working nuclear reactor of a power plant shut down in an emergency?
The heat energy released during nuclear fission and fusion is due to the:
(a) conversion of stored chemicals into energy
(b) conversion of momentum into energy
(c) conversion of mass into energy
(d) conversion of magnetism into energy
The mass numbers of four elements A, B, C and D are 2, 20, 135 and 235, respectively. Which one of them will be most suitable to make:
a hydrogen bomb?
Explain why, in a nuclear reactor, the chain reaction stops if the control rods are fully inserted into the graphite.
Name the process used to harness nuclear energy these days. Explain it briefly. List two advantages of using nuclear energy in place of fossil fuels.
One isotopes of uranium has a mass number of 235 and atomic number 92.
(a) What is the number of electrons in a neutral atom of this isotope?
(b) How many protons are there in the nucleus of this isotope?
(c) For another isotope of Uranium state which one of the numbers (238 or 92) changes?
(d) What is the number of protons in 238U?
An imaginary radioactive element `"_92X^235` decays to form X1; X2; X3; X4; X5 and X6 nuclides, by ejecting two β-particles, followed by α-particles and again two β-particles, followed by α-particle. Represent the various nuclear changes in the form of an equation. State the mass number and atomic number of X6. List the isotopes and isobars in the above nuclear equation.
When an alpha particle gains two electrons it becomes neutral and becomes an atom of an element which is a rare gas. What is the name of this rare gas?
A radioactive carbon nucleus 6C14 emits a β-particle to form a nitrogen nucleus. Represent the change by an equation showing the atomic and mass number of each elements.
A certain nucleus X has a mass number 14 and atomic number 6. The nucleus X changes to `"_7Y^14` after the loss of a particle. A radioactive substance is oxidized. What change would you expect to take place in the nature of its radioactivity? Give a reason for your answer.
Define.
Nuclear fission
What are the places in which atomic power stations located in Tamil Nadu?
Which is the process used to harness nuclear energy these days? Explain it briefly.
Give scientific reasons.
It is absolutely necessary to control the fission reaction in nuclear power plants.
Why is nuclear fission useful to mankind?
