Question

Discuss the role of casteism in India.

Answer 1

• Casteism plays a significant and often negative role in Indian society. It refers to the strong loyalty to one's own caste and the belief in caste-based superiority or exclusiveness. This mindset has led to discrimination, inequality, and social division for centuries.
• In social life, casteism creates rigid boundaries that restrict inter-caste marriages, social interactions, and even basic human dignity, especially for lower castes like Dalits and Scheduled Tribes. Despite constitutional provisions, caste-based discrimination and untouchability still persist in many parts of India.
• In economic terms, casteism affects access to education, jobs, and land ownership. Marginalised castes often face poverty and limited opportunities, while upper castes have historically enjoyed better economic status.
• In politics, casteism influences elections through vote-bank politics. Political parties select candidates and mobilise voters based on caste identities rather than merit or development agendas. This weakens the democratic spirit and promotes divisive politics.
• Casteism also leads to social tensions and violence, such as honour killings and caste-based atrocities. It hinders national integration and violates the values of equality, justice, and fraternity enshrined in the Constitution.