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प्रश्न
Differentiate between ionic crystals and covalent crystals.
अंतर स्पष्ट करें
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उत्तर
| Sr. No. | Ionic crystals | Covalent crystals |
| 1. | The constituent particles of ionic crystals are charged ions. The cations and anions may differ in size. | The constituent particles in covalent network solids are atoms. |
| 2. | The coulomb force bonds each ion of a given sign of charge to surrounding ions of the opposite sign. In other words, the particles of ionic crystals are held by an electrostatic force of attraction between oppositely charged ions. | The atoms in these crystals are linked by a continuous system of covalent bonds. The result is a rigid, three-dimensional network that forms a giant molecule. The entire crystal is a single molecule. |
| 3. | Ionic crystals are hard and brittle. They have high melting points. | As a result of their rigid and strongly bonded structure, covalent network crystals are very hard. In fact, they are the hardest and most incompressible of all the materials. These crystals have high melting and boiling points. |
| 4. | These are non-conductors of electricity in a solid state. However, they are excellent conductors when melted or dissolved in water. | Covalent bonds localise the electrons, making them immobile. As a result, covalent solids are poor conductors of heat and electricity. |
| 5. | For example, NaCl, K2SO4, CaF2, KCl are ionic crystals. | For example, diamond, quartz (SiO2), boron nitride, and carborundum are covalent network solids. |
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