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प्रश्न
Compare the general characteristics of the first series of the transition metals with those of the second and third series metals in the respective vertical columns. Give special emphasis on the following point:
Electronic configurations
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उत्तर १
The electronic configurations of the elements of the same group are generally similar.
The first transition series shows two exceptions:
Cr = 3d5 4s1 and Cu = 3d10 4s1
The second series shows more exceptions:
Mo (42) = 4d5 5s1, Tc (43) = 4d6 5s1, Ru (44) = 4d7 5s1, Rh (45) = 4d8 5s1, Pd (46) = 4d10 5s0, Ag (47) = 4d10 5s1
Similarly, the third series shows exceptions:
W (74) = 5d4 6s1, Pt (78) = 5d9 6s1 and Au (79) = 5d10 6s1
Therefore, in many cases in the horizontal series, the electronic configurations of the three series are not the same.
उत्तर २
The first transition series gradually fills 3d-orbitals, whereas the second and third transition series gradually fill 4d-orbitals and 5d-orbitals, respectively.
Notes
Students can refer to the provided solutions based on their preferred marks.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Why do interstitial compounds have higher melting points than corresponding pure metals?
The elements of 3d transition series are given as: Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co
Answer the following: Which element is a strong oxidising agent in +3 oxidation state and why?
In 3d series (Sc to Zn), which element has the lowest enthalpy of atomisation and why?
|
`E_((M^(2+)/M)` |
Cr | Mn | Fe | Co | Ni | Cu |
| -0.91 | -1.18 | -0.44 | -0.28 | -0.25 | -0.34 |
From the given data of E0 values, answer the following questions :
(1) Why is `E_(((Cu^(2+))/(Cu)))` value exceptionally positive
(2) Why is `E_(((Mn^(2+))/(Mn)))` value is highly negative as compared to other elements
(3) Which is the stronger reducing agents Cr2+ or Fe2+ ? Give Reason.
Calculate the ‘spin only’ magnetic moment of \[\ce{M^{2+}_{ (aq)}}\] ion (Z = 27).
How is the variability in oxidation states of transition metals different from that of the non-transition metals? Illustrate with examples.
Give reasons:
E° value for the Mn3+/Mn2+ couple is much more positive than that for Fe3+/Fe2+.
Dissociation of H2S is suppressed in acidic medium.
Maximum oxidation state is shown by ____________.
The magnetic moment is associated with its spin angular momentum and orbital angular momentum. Spin only magnetic moment value of \[\ce{Cr^{3+}}\] ion is ______.
Which of the following statements is not correct?
Although Zirconium belongs to 4d transition series and Hafnium to 5d transition series even then they show similar physical and chemical properties because ______.
Transition elements show high melting points. Why?
Assertion: The highest oxidation state of osmium is +8.
Reason: Osmium is a 5d-block element.
Identify the metal and justify your answer.
\[\ce{MO3F}\]
A violet compound of manganese (A) decomposes on heating to liberate oxygen and compounds (B) and (C) of manganese are formed. Compound (C) reacts with KOH in the presence of potassium nitrate to give compound (B). On heating compound (C) with conc. \[\ce{H2SO4}\] and \[\ce{NaCl}\], chlorine gas is liberated and a compound (D) of manganese along with other products is formed. Identify compounds A to D and also explain the reactions involved.
Among the following pairs of ions, the lower oxidation state in aqueous solution is more stable than the other in:-
Which of the following ions acts as a typical transition metal ion?
In the ground state of atomic Fe (Z = 26), the spin-only magnetic moment is ______ × 10-1 BM.
(Round off to the nearest integer).
[Given: `sqrt3 = 1.73, sqrt2 = 1.41`]
For M2+/M and M3+/M2+systems, the EΘ values for some metals are as follows:
| Cr2+/Cr | −0.9 V |
| Mn2+/Mn | −1.2 V |
| Fe2+/Fe | −0.4 V |
| Cr3/Cr2+ | −0.4 V |
| Mn3+/Mn2+ | +1.5 V |
| Fe3+/Fe2+ | +0.8 V |
Use this data to comment upon:
The ease with which iron can be oxidised as compared to a similar process for either chromium or manganese metal.
