NCERT solutions for Class 10 Science chapter 10 - Light - Reflection and Refraction

Draw ray diagrams to show the principal focus of a concave mirror.

What is meant by power of accommodation of the eye?

A person with a myopic eye cannot see objects beyond 1.2 m distinctly. What should be the type of the corrective lens used to restore proper vision?

The radius of curvature of a spherical mirror is 20 cm. What is its focal length?

What is the far point and near point of the human eye with normal vision?

 Name the mirror that can give an erect and enlarged image of an object.

Why do we prefer a convex mirror as a rear-view mirror in vehicles?

A student is unable to see clearly the words written on the blackboard placed at a distance of approximately 4 m from him. Name the defect of vision the boy is suffering from. Explain the method of correcting this defect.

Draw ray diagram for the:-

(i) defect of vision and also

(ii) for its correction.

Find the focal length of a convex mirror whose radius of curvature is 32 cm.

The human eye can focus objects at different distances by adjusting the focal length of the eye lens. This is due to
(a) presbyopia
(b) accommodation
(c) near-sightedness
(d) far-sightedness

The human eye forms the image of an object at its
(a) cornea

(b) iris

(c) pupil

(d) retina

 A concave mirror produces three times magnified (enlarged) real image of object placed at 10 cm in front of it. Where is the image located?

The least distance of distinct vision for a young adult with normal vision is about
(a) 25 m
(b) 2.5 cm
(c) 25 cm
(d) 2.5 m

The change in focal length of an eye lens is caused by the action of the
(a) pupil
(b) retina
(c) ciliary muscles
(d) iris

A person needs a lens of power -5.5 dioptres for correcting his distant vision. For correcting his near vision he needs a lens of power +1.5 dioptre. What is the focal length of the lens required for correcting (i) distant vision, and (ii) near vision?

The far point of a myopic person is 80 cm in front of the eye. What is the nature and power of the lens required to correct the problem?

Make a diagram to show how hypermetropia is corrected. The near point of a hypermetropic eye is 1 m. What is the power of the lens required to correct this defect? Assume that the near point of the normal eye is 25 cm.

Why is a normal eye not able to see clearly the objects placed closer than 25 cm?

What happens to the image distance in the eye when we increase the distance of an object from the eye?

Explain why the planets do not twinkle?

What is atmospheric refraction? Use this phenomenon to explain the following natural events:

Twinkling of stars

Draw diagrams to illustrate your answers.

Why does the sun appear reddish early in the morning? Will this phenomenon be observed by an observer on the moon? Justify your answer with a reason.

Explain giving reason why the sky appears blue to an observer from the surface of the earth? What will the colour of the sky be for an astronaut staying in the international space station orbiting the earth? Justify your answer giving reason.

Find out, from Table, the medium having highest optical density. Also find the medium with lowest optical density.

You are given kerosene, turpentine and water. In which of these does the light travel fastest? Use the information given in Table.

The refractive index of diamond is 2.42. What is the meaning of this statement?

Define 1 dioptre of power of a lens.

 A convex lens forms a real and inverted image of a needle at a distance of 50 cm from it. Where is the needle placed in front of the convex lens if the image is equal to the size of the object? Also, find the power of the lens.

Find the power of a concave lens of focal length 2 m.

The image formed by a concave mirror is observed to be virtual, erect and larger than the object. Where should be the position of the object?
(a) Between the principal focus and the centre of curvature
(b) At the centre of curvature
(c) Beyond the centre of curvature
(d) Between the pole of the mirror and its principal focus.

A spherical mirror and a thin spherical lens have each a focal length of -15 cm. The mirror and the lens are likely to be
(a) both concave
(b) both convex
(c) the mirror is concave and the lens is convex
(d) the mirror is convex, but the lens is concave

No matter how far you stand from a mirror, your image appears erect. The mirror is likely to be

(a) plane
(b) concave
(c) convex
(d) either plane or convex

Which of the following lenses would you prefer to use while reading small letters found in a dictionary?

(a) A convex lens of focal length 50 cm
(b) A concave lens of focal length 50 cm
(c) A convex lens of focal length 5 cm
(d) A concave lens of focal length 5 cm

We wish to obtain an erect image of an object, using a concave mirror of focal length 15 cm. What should be the range of distance of the object from the mirror? What is the nature of the image? Is the image larger or smaller than the object? Draw a ray diagram to show the image formation in this case.

 Name the type of mirror used in the following situations.
(a) Headlights of a car
(b) Side/rear-view mirror of a vehicle
(c) Solar furnace
Support your answer with reason.

One-half of a convex lens is covered with a black paper. Will this lens produce a complete image of the object? Verify your answer experimentally. Explain your observations.

An object 5 cm in length is held 25 cm away from a converging lens of focal length 10 cm. Draw the ray diagram and find the position, size and the nature of the image formed.

A concave lens of focal length 15 cm forms an image 10 cm from the lens. How far is the object placed from the lens? Draw the ray diagram.

 An object is placed at a distance of 10 cm from aconvex mirror of focal length 15 cm. Find the position and nature of the image.

What is the magnification of the images formed by plane mirrors and why?

An object 5 cm is placed at a distance of 20 cm in front of a convex mirror of radius of curvature 30 cm. Find the position, nature and size of the image.

An object of size 7.0 cm is placed at 27 cm in front of a concave mirror of focal length 18 cm. At what distance from the mirror should a screen be placed, so that a sharp focused image can be obtained? Find the size and the nature of the image.

 Find the focal length of a lens of power -2.0 D. What type of lens is this?

A doctor has prescribed a corrective lens of power +1.5 D. Find the focal length of the lens. Is the prescribed lens diverging or converging?

The velocity of light in a medium is 1.5 x 10⁸ m/s. What is the refractive index of the medium with respect to air, if the velocity in air is 3 x 10⁸ m/s?