Chapters
Chapter 2 - Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
Chapter 3 - Human Reproduction
Chapter 4 - Reproductive Health
Chapter 5 - Principles of Inheritance and Variation
Chapter 6 - Molecular Basis of Inheritance
Chapter 7 - Evolution
Chapter 8 - Human Health and Disease
Chapter 9 - Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production
Chapter 10 - Microbes in Human Welfare
Chapter 11 - Biotechnology : Principles and Processes
Chapter 12 - Biotechnology and its Applications
Chapter 13 - Organisms and Populations
Chapter 14 - Ecosystem
Chapter 15 - Biodiversity and Conservation
Chapter 16 - Environmental Issues
NCERT Biology Class 12
Chapter 8 - Human Health and Disease
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The following are some well-known abbreviations, which have been used in this chapter. Expand each one to its full form:
(a) MALT
(b) CMI
(c) AIDS
(d) NACO
(e) HIV
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What are the various public health measures, which you would suggest as safeguard against infectious diseases?
In which way has the study of biology helped us to control infectious diseases?
How does the transmission of each of the following diseases take place?
(a) Amoebiasis
(b) Malaria
(c) Ascariasis
(d) Pneumonia
Discuss with your teacher what does ‘a suitable gene’ means, in the context of DNA vaccines.
Name the primary and secondary lymphoid organs
Differentiate the following and give examples of Active and passive immunity
Differentiate the following Innate and acquired immunity
Draw a well-labelled diagram of an antibody molecule.
What are the various routes by which transmission of human immunodeficiency virus takes place?
What is the mechanism by which the AIDS virus causes deficiency of immune system of the infected person?
How is a cancerous cell different from a normal cell?
Explain what is meant by metastasis.
List the harmful effects caused by alcohol/drug abuse.
Do you think that friends can influence one to take alcohol/drugs? If yes, how may one protect himself/herself from such an influence?
Why is that once a person starts taking alcohol or drugs, it is difficult to get rid of this habit? Discuss it with your teacher.
In your view what motivates youngsters to take to alcohol or drugs and how can this be avoided?