Maharashtra State Board Syllabus For 8th Standard Science: Knowing the Syllabus is very important for the students of 8th Standard. Shaalaa has also provided a list of topics that every student needs to understand.
The Maharashtra State Board 8th Standard Science syllabus for the academic year 2022-2023 is based on the Board's guidelines. Students should read the 8th Standard Science Syllabus to learn about the subject's subjects and subtopics.
Students will discover the unit names, chapters under each unit, and subtopics under each chapter in the Maharashtra State Board 8th Standard Science Syllabus pdf 2022-2023. They will also receive a complete practical syllabus for 8th Standard Science in addition to this.
Academic year:
Maharashtra State Board 8th Standard Science Revised Syllabus
Maharashtra State Board 8th Standard Science and their Unit wise marks distribution
Maharashtra State Board 8th Standard Science Course Structure 2022-2023 With Marking Scheme
Syllabus
1 Living World and Classification of Microbes
- Biodiversity
- Biodiversity
- Type of biodiversity
(i) Genetic diversity
(ii) Species diversity
(iii) Ecosystem diversity - Global biodiversity and a proportionate number of species of major taxa of plants, invertebrates and vertebrates
- Biological Classification
- Biological classification
- Dichotomous key
- Features of dichotomous key
- Dichotomy of Animals
- Classification
- Classification
- Why do we classify things?
- Need for Classification
- Advantage of Classification
- Taxonomic Hierarchy of Living Organisms: Unit of Classification
- Taxonomic Hierarchy of Living Organisms
- Species
- Genus
- Family
- Order
- Class
- Phylum
- Kingdom
- Five Kingdom Classification
- Five kingdom classification
- Merits of five kingdom classification
- Demerits of five kingdom classification
- Kingdom Monera
- Kingdom Monera
- Bacteria
- Characteristic features of Kingdom Monera
- Structure of a bacterium cell
- Kingdom Protista
- Kingdom Protista
- Characteristics of Kingdom Protista
- Kingdom Fungi
- Kingdom Fungi
- Characteristics of Fungi
- Microorganisms (Microbes) and Microbiology
- Bacteria
- Bacteria - Bacteria Friends or Foes?
- Bacteriology - Milestones in Bacteriology
- Characteristic features of Bacteria
- Habitat
- Size and Shape
- Cellular Structure
- Nutrition
- Locomotion
- Life Cycle
- Reproduction
- Protozoa
- Protozoa
- Protozoology - Milestones in Protozoology
- Characteristics of Protozoa
- Habitat
- Size and Shape
- Cellular Structure
- Nutrition
- Locomotion
- Life Cycle
- Reproduction
- Fungi
- Fungi - World War II and Penicillin History speaks on fungi
- Mycology - Milestones in Mycology
- General characteristic features
- Habitat
- Size and Shape
- Cellular Structure
- Nutrition
- Locomotion
- Life Cycle
- Reproduction
- Algae
- Algae
- Algology - Milestones in algology (Phycology)
- Characteristics of algae
- Classification of algae
(i) Chlorophyceae
(ii) Phaeophyceae
(iii) Rhodophyceae
- Viruses
- Viruses
- Virology
- Milestones in Virology
- Size and Shape
- Characteristic Features of Viruses
2 Health and Diseases
- Health
- Health
- The significance of 'Health'
- Personal and Community Issues Both Matter for Health
- Distinctions between "Healthy" and 'Disease-Free'
- Disease
- Diseases
- Identification of disease
- Categories of Disease
- Categories of Disease
- Extent of occurrence
- Endemic diseases
- Epidemic diseases
- Pandemic diseases
- Sporadic diseases - Communicability: Communicable or Infectious diseases & Non- Communicable or Non-Infectious diseases
- Kinds of pathogens
- Kinds of transmitting agents
- Congenital diseases and acquired diseases
- Other types of diseases
- Infectious diseases
- Hereditary diseases
- Physiological diseases
- Deficiency diseases
- Manifestation of Diseases
- Communicable Or Infectious Diseases
- Communicable or Infectious diseases
- Causes of Communicable or Infectious diseases
- Communicable examples
- Incubation period
- Diseases Transmitted by Animals
- Swine Flu
- Bird Flu
- Dengue
- Avian Influenza
- Rabies
- Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD)
- Common Diseases in Human Beings
- Viral Diseases
- Viral diseases in human beings
- Common cold
- Mumps
- Measles
- Viral hepatitis
- Chickenpox
- Poliomyelitis
- Dengue fever (Break bone fever)
- Chikungunya
- Viral Diseases
- Non-communicable or Non-infectious Diseases
- Non-communicable or Non-infectious diseases
- Causes of Non-infectious diseases
- Non-communicable examples
- Cancer
- Cancer
- Causes of cancer
- Cancer detection and diagnosis
- Treatment of cancer
- Scope of Immunology
- Diabetes Mellitus
- Heart Disease
- Misuse of Medicine
- Generic Medicines
- Lifestyle and Diseases
- Vaccination and Immunization
3 Force and Pressure
- Force
- Types of Force: Contact Force
- Types of Contact Force
- Frictional Force
- Normal reaction Force
- Spring Force
- Applied Force (Muscular force)
- Tension Force
- Air Resistance Force
- Mechanical force
- Force exerted during collision
- Types of Force: Non-Contact Force
- The general character of non-contact force
- Types of Force: Non-Contact Force
- Magnetic Force
- Electrostatic Force
- Gravitational Force
- Nuclear Force
- Balance Force
- Unbalance Force
- Balanced and Unbalanced Forces
- Inertia and Mass
- Types of Inertia
- Inertia of rest
- Inertia of motion
- Thrust and Pressure
- Thrust
- Unit of thrust
- Example of thrust
- Pressure
- Unit of Pressure
- Examples of Pressure in our daily life
- Pressure on Solids
- Liquid Pressure
- Liquid Pressure
- Experiment of pressure on fluid
- Gas Pressure
- Atmospheric Pressure
- Atmospheric Pressure
- Demonstration of Atmospheric Pressure
- Buoyancy Force (Upthrust Force)
- Buoyancy and upthrust
- Condition for a body to float or sink:
a) Volume of object
b) Density of liquid - Unit of upthrust
- Cartesian diver
- Archimedes Principle
- Density of the Fluid
- Relative Density and Its Unit
- Relative density
- Unit of relative density
4 Current Electricity and Magnetism
- Atoms: Building Blocks of Matter
- Atoms: Building Blocks of Matter
- How big are atoms?
- How do atoms exist?
- Electric Current
- Electric Current
- Unit of Electric Current
- Measurement of electric current
- Example of Electric Current
- Potential and Potential Difference
- Potential and Potential Difference
- Difference between Electric Potential and Potential Difference
- Potential difference of a cell
- Relation between electric intensity potential difference
- Electric Cell
- Electric Cell
- Types of Cell: Primary Cells and Secondary Cells
- Dry Cell
- Lead-Acid Cell
- Ni-Cd cell
- Difference between primary cell and secondary cell
- Electric Circuit
- Electric circuit
- Circuit Diagram
- The flow of electricity in a circuit
- Arrangement of Circuits: Open Circuit and Closed
- Battery
- Connecting cells
- Effects of Electric Current
- Magnetic Effect of Electric Current
- Magnetic effect of current
- Application of Magnetic effect of electric current
- Electromagnet
- Electric Bell
- Telephone
- Oersted's experiment on the magnetic effect of electric current
- Magnetic Effect of Electric Current
- Electromagnet
- Discovery of the electromagnet
- Principle of an electromagnet
- Clock rule
- Ways of increasing the magnetic field of an electromagnet
- Electric Bell
5 Inside the Atom
- Atoms: Building Blocks of Matter
- Atoms: Building Blocks of Matter
- How big are atoms?
- How do atoms exist?
- History of Atom
- Dalton’s atomic theory
- J. J. Thomson’s Atomic Model
- Lord Rutherford’s Atomic model
- Biography of Ernest Rutherford
- Reason behind discovery of Rutherford’s atomic model
- Rutherford’s α-particle scattering experiment
- Observations of α-scattering experiment
- Conclusions of α-scattering experiment
- Rutherford's model of an atom
- Some terminologies related to the α- scattering experiment
1) Number of scattered particles
2) Distance of closest approach (Nuclear dimension)
3) Impact parameter (b)
- Neils Bohr’s Model of an Atom
- Bohr's model of an atom
- Postulates of Bohr's atomic model
- Merits of Bohr's model
- Drawbacks of Bohr's model
- Structure of an Atom
- Discovery of Charged Particles in Matter
- Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) experiment
- Nucleus
- Discovery of Nucleus
- Deflection of α-particle by a gold leaf
- Protons (p)
- Protons
- Discovery of Protons
- Properties of Anode rays
- Neutrons (n)
- Neutrons
- Discovery of Neutrons
- Properties of Neutrons
- Electrons (e)
- Electrons
- Discovery of Electrons
- Properties of Cathode rays
- Charge to Mass Ratio of Electron
- Charge on the Electron
- Atomic Mass
- Atomic mass
- Gram atomic mass
- Average atomic mass
- Atomic Number (Z), Mass Number (A), and Number of Neutrons (n)
- Atomic number or Nuclear charge
- Nucleons
- Mass number
- Relationship between atomic number and mass number
- Representation of element
- Number of Neutrons (n)
- Electronic Configuration of Atom
- Valency
- Isotopes
- Isotopes
- Examples
- Properties of Isotopes
- Mass of Isotopes
- Nuclear Reactor
6 Composition of Matter
- Matter (Substance)
- Matter
- Creation of Matter
- Physical Nature of matter
- The matter is made up of particles
- How small is this particles of matter
- Colour, odour, melting point, boiling point, density
- Chemical properties: Composition, combustibility, activity with acids and bases
- Composition of Matter
- Characteristics of Particles (Molecules) of Matter
- Types of Matter
- States of Matter
- States of Matter
- Solid
- Liquid
- Gas
- Elements
- Element
- Characteristics of Element
- Common Element
- In the universe
- In the Earth's crust
- Elements in the human Body
- Elements in air
- Birth of the Element
- Types of Elements: Metals
- Metals
- Occurrence of metal
- Uses of Metals
- Types of Elements: Non-metal
- Non-metals
- Occurrence of non-metal
- Uses of Non-metals
- Type of Elements: Metalloid
- Compound
- Classification of Compound
- Mixture
- Types of Mixtures
- Solutions
- Components of Solutions
- Suspension Solution
- Colloidal Solution
- Molecular Formula of an Compounds
- Chemical Formula or Molecular Formula
- Chemical formulae of compounds : A recapitulation
- Valency
7 Metals and Nonmetals
- Types of Elements: Metals
- Metals
- Occurrence of metal
- Uses of Metals
- Physical Properties of Metals
- Chemical Properties of Metal
- Types of Elements: Non-metal
- Non-metals
- Occurrence of non-metal
- Uses of Non-metals
- Physical Properties of Non-metal
- Chemical Properties of Non-metal
- Type of Elements: Metalloid
- Nobel Metal
- Purity of Gold
- Corrosion of Metals and Its Prevention
- Alloys
- Alloys
- Alloys as solid solutions
- Amalgam
- Dental amalgam
- Types of Alloys
- Advantages of alloys
8 Pollution
- Pollution and Its Types
- Pollution
- Pollutant
- Types of pollution
- Air Pollution and Its Causes
- Air Pollution
- Causes of Air pollution
- Sources of Air Pollution
- Effects of Air Pollution
- Prevention of Air Pollution
- Measures to control air pollution
- Devices to control air pollution
- Electrostatic precipitator (ESP)
- Scrubbers
- Catalytic converters
- Water Pollution and Its Causes
- Water Pollution
- Causes of Water Pollution
- Sources of Water Pollution
- Effects of Water Pollution
- Prevention of Water Pollution
- Soil Pollution
- Soil Pollution
- Causes of Soil Pollution
- Sources of Soil Pollution
- Effects of Soil Pollution
- Prevention of Soil Pollution
- Relationship of Soil Pollution with Air and Water Pollution
- Laws for Control, Regulation, and Prevention of Pollution by Indian Government
9 Disaster Management
- Disaster
- Disasters
- Types of Disasters
1) Geophysical
2) Biological
3) Man Made
- Earthquake
- Focus and Epicenter
- Types of seismic waves
1. Primary or ‘P’ waves
2. Secondary or ‘S’ waves
3. Surface or ‘L’ waves
- Fire
- Types of Fire
- How Do We Control Fire?
- Landslides - Rift Collapse
- Disaster Relief – Planning in School
10 Cell and Cell Organelles
- Cell: the Fundamental Unit of Life
- Cell
- Totipotency
- Experiment: Microscopic examination of onion peel.
- Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cell
- Plant Cell and Animal Cell
- Means of Transport in Plants
- Concept of Osmosis
- Endosmosis
- Exosmosis
- Osmotic Pressure
- Isotonic solution
- Hypotonic solution
- Hypertonic solution
- Concept of Osmosis
- Structure of a Cell
- Structure of a Cell
- Organ and Organelle
- Nucleus - “Brain” of the Cell
- Nuclear Membrane
- Nucleoli
- Nucleoplasm
- Chromatin fibres
- Experiment: An experiment on amoeba to show that the nucleus is essential for a normal life.
- Plastids
- Plastids
- Leucoplasts
- Chromoplasts
- Chloroplast - “Food Producers”
- Non-living Substances Or Cell Inclusion
- Granules
- Vacuoles
11 Human Body and Organ System
- Human Organ System
- Human Body
- Breathing – Respiratory Cycle
- Inspiration (Inhalation)
- Expiration (Exhalation)
- Exchange of gases in the Alveoli
- Difference between inhalation and exhalation
- Differences between breathing and respiration
- Model to show mechanism of breathing
- Control of breathing movements
- Parts of Respiration
- Breathing
- Gaseous transport
- Tissue respiration
- Cellular respiration
- Human Respiratory System
- Conducting Part:
- Nose
- Nasal cavity
- Pharynx
- Larynx
- Trachea
- Bronchi
- Bronchioles
- Terminal bronchioles
- Respiratory Part
- External Nostrils
- Nasal Chamber
- Pharynx
- Larynx
- Trachea
- Lungs: Bronchi and Alveoli
- Stages of respiration in human being involve
- Blood Circulatory System in Human
- Human Heart
- Location
- Heart wall
- Chambers of the heart
- Blood vessels entering and leaving the heart
- Valves regulate the flow of blood in a single direction
- Blood Vessels – Arteries, Veins, and Capillaries
- Circulation of Blood in the Heart (Functioning of Heart)
- Circulation of blood in the heart
- Pumping action of the heart
- Conducting tissue of the heart
- Conducting system of the heart
- Heart Beat - Heart Sounds "LUBB" and "DUP"
- Heart Beat
- Heart Sounds "LUBB" and "DUP"
- Pulse
- Pulse Rate
- Blood
- Blood
- Properties of blood
- Composition of Blood: Plasma (The Liquid Portion of Blood)
- Composition of Blood: Red Blood Cells (Erythrocytes)
- Composition of Blood: White Blood Cells (Leukocytes)
- Composition of Blood: Blood Platelets (Thrombocytes)
- Functions of Blood
- Transport by blood
- Protection by blood
- Blood Transfusion and Blood Groups (ABO and Rh system)
- Blood Donation
- From where the blood is supplied for blood transfusion?
- Blood banks
- Blood donor
- Blood recipient
- ABO System and Rh system
- Rh factor in pregnancy
- Blood Pressure (B.P.)
- Arterial Blood Pressure
- Measurement of blood pressure
- Heart Related Conditions
- Hypertension
- Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
- Angina Pectoris
- Angiography
- Heart Transplant
- Silent Heart Attack
12 Introduction to Acid and Base
- Acids
- Acids
- Examples of acids
- Properties of Acids
- Properties of Acids
- Physical properties of Acids
- Taste
- Physical state
- Effect on skin
- Colours of indicators
- Chemical properties of Acids
- Reaction with active metals
- Reaction with bases - Neutralisation
- Decomposition of hydrogen carbonates and carbonates
- Decomposition of sulphites and bisulphites
- Decomposition of sulphides
- Reaction with chlorides and nitrates
- Reaction with metal oxide
- Uses of Acids
- Bases (Alkalis)
- Bases (Alkalis)
- Basic oxide
- Basic hydroxide
- Properties of Bases (Alkalis)
- Properties of Bases (Alkalis)
- Physical properties of Bases (Alkalis)
- Chemical properties of Bases (Alkalis)
- Reaction with metals
- Reaction with non-metal oxides
- Reaction with ammonium salts
- Uses of Bases
- Indicators
- Test for Acidity and Alkalinity
- Tests for Acids and Bases
- Test with a litmus paper
- Test with an indicator Phenolphthalein
- Test with an indicator Methyl orange
- Types of Double Displacement: Neutralization Reaction
13 Chemical Change and Chemical Bond
- Change
- Classification of Change: Chemical Changes
- Chemical Change
- Properties of Chemical Change
- Importance of Chemical Change
- Indicators of a Chemical Change (Chemical Reaction)
- Chemical Equation
- Chemical Equation
- Need for Chemical equation
- Limitation of Chemical equation
- Chemical Changes in Everyday Life
- Chemical Bond
- Bond
- Chemical bond
- Kossel – Lewis approach to chemical bonds
- Lewis dot structure
- Types of Chemical Bond
- Electrovalent (or Ionic) Bond
- Ionic Bond
- Electrovalent Bond
- Electronegativity and Ionic Bonding
- Ionic Bond Properties
- Characteristics of Ionic compounds
- Examples of Ionic Bonds
- Formation of an Electrovalent (or Ionic) Bond
- Conditions for the formation of an electrovalent (or ionic) bond
- Why Are Ionic Compounds Stable?
- Structures of some electrovalent compounds
- Sodium chloride (NaCl)
- Magnesium chloride (MgCl2)
- Calcium oxide (CaO)
- The Covalent Bond
- Covalent Bond
- Covalent Bonding can be Achieved in two Ways
- Covalent Bonding in Carbon Atom
- Properties of Covalent Bond
- Polar Covalent Bond
- Non-polar Covalent Bond
- Polarization of Covalent Bonds
- Formation of Covalent Bond
- Formation of Covalent Bond:
- Hydrogen molecule (Non-polar compound)
- Chlorine molecule (Non-polar compound)
- Oxygen molecule (non-polar compound)
- Nitrogen molecule (Non-polar compound)
- Hydrogen chloride (polar compound)
- Water molecule (polar compound)
- Ammonia molecule (polar compound)
- Carbon tetrachloride molecule (Non-polar compound)
- Methane molecule (Non-polar compound)
14 Measurement and Effects of Heat
- Heat and Its Unit
- Heat
- Unit of Heat
- Numerical Problems of Heat
- Sources of Heat
- Temperatures
- Temperature
- Unit of Temperature
- Hot and Cold Objects
- Heat and Temperature
- Heat and Temperature
- Factors affecting the quantity of heat absorbed to increase the temperature of a body
- The mass of the body
- The increase in temperature of the body
- The material (or substance) of the body
- Difference between heat and temperature
- Thermometer and Its Types
- Measurement of Temperature
- Scales of Thermometers
- Fahrenheit scale
- Celsius temperature scale
- Kelvin scale (Absolute scale)
- Relationship between the three scales of temperature
- Conversion of Temperature from celsius scale to kelvin scale and vice-versa
- Specific Heat Capacity
- Specific heat capacity
- Necessity of defining two specific heats of a gas
- Specific heat at constant Pressure
1) Principal specific heat (cp)
2) Molar specific heat (Cp) - Specific heat at constant Volume
1) Principal specific heat (cv)
2) Molar specific heat (Cv) - Relation between principal specific heat and molar specific heat
- Calorimetry and Calorimeter
- Calorimetry
- Calorimeter
- Principle of calorimetry
- Effects of Heat
- Expansion of Substances (Thermal Expansion)
- Thermal Expansion
- Uses of Thermal Expansion
- Thermal Expansion Examples
- Expansion of Solids
- Linear Expansion
- Superficial or areal expansion
- Cubical Expansion or volumetric expansion
- Some applications in daily life
- Expansion of Liquids
- Expansion in liquids
- Real expansion
- Apparent expansion
- Experiment to measure real and apparent expansion of liquid
15 Sound
- Sound
- Sound
- Types of Sound
- Longitudinal wave
- Transverse wave
- Categories of sound waves based on their frequencies
- Audible waves
- Infrasonic waves
- Ultrasonic waves
- Production of Sound
- Experiment: A vibrating string produces sound.
- Experiment: A vibrating tuning fork produces sound.
- Propagation of Sound
- Sound Need a Medium to Travel
- Experiment: Bell-Jar experiment
- Characteristics of a Sound Wave
- Frequency
- Amplitude (A)
- Time period (T)
- Wavelength (λ)
- Wave velocity
- Pitch
- Musical Instruments
- Sound Produced by Humans
- Sound Generation by Loudspeaker
16 Reflection of Light
- Reflection of Light
- Reflection of Light
- How do we see an object?
- Terms Used in Reflection of Light
- Terms used in reflection of light
- Is there any relationship between the incident ray and the reflected ray?
- Incident ray
- Point of incidence
- Reflected ray
- Normal
- Angle of incidence
- Angle of reflection
- Angle of deviation
- Plane of incidence
- Plane of reflection
- Glancing angle
- Law of Reflection of Light
- Verification of the Law of Reflection of Light
- Types of Reflection
- Types of Reflection
- Regular reflection
- Irregular reflection
- Multiple Reflections
17 Man Made Materials
- Material and Its Properties
- Man-made Fibre: Plastics
- Types of Plastics
- Harmful Effects of Plastics
- Recycling of Plastic
- Biodegradable Plastics
- Thermocol
- Glass
- Glass
- Production of Glass
- Properties of Glass
- Effect of Glass on Environment
- Types of Glass
18 Ecosystems
- Ecosystem
- Structure of an Ecosystem
- Biotic Components
- Producers
- Primary consumers
- Secondary consumers
- Tertiary consumers
- Abiotic Components
- Sunlight
- Air
- Water
- Temperature
- Soil
- Interaction between biotic and abiotic factors in an ecosystem
- Land Biomes
- Aquatic Ecosystems
- Diminishment of Ecosystem Due to Human Interference
19 Life Cycle of Stars
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