History Class 12 ISC (Science) CISCE Topics and Syllabus

• The Refugee Problem 
• Transfer of Assets and the River Waters Dispute 
• Origin of the Kashmir Problem 
• Role of Sardar Patel in the Reorganisation 
• Integration of Princely States with Specialreference to Junagarh and Hyderabad 
• The Foundation of Indian Democracy 
• Significance of the First General Election Based on Universal Adult Suffrage (1952) 
• Role of Political Parties 
• Problems of Preparation and Their Solutions, Process, Result and Impact of the Elections 
• Movement for Linguistic Reorganisation with Particular Reference to Andhra, Bombay and Punjab 
• Redrawing of the Map of India on the Basis of Linguistic Identity 

The following should be discussed:

• The refugee problem, the transfer of assets and the river waters dispute.
• Origin of the Kashmir problem. The role of Sardar Patel in the reorganisation and integration of princely states with special reference to Junagarh and Hyderabad.
• The foundation of Indian Democracy: significance of the first general election based on universal adult suffrage (1952): role of political parties, problems of preparation and their solutions, process, result and impact of the elections
• The linguistic reorganisation of states: movement for linguistic reorganisation with particular reference to Andhra, Bombay and Punjab; redrawing of the map of India on the basis of linguistic identity

• Significance of the Towards Equality Report (1974) with Regard to Women’S 
• Developments in the Anti-dowry Movement 
• Struggle Against Domestic Violence in the 1970s and and 1980s 

• A brief outline of the significance of the Towards Equality Report (1974) with regard to women’s issues
• Developments in the anti-dowry movement and struggle against domestic violence in the 1970s and 1980s

• Factors Leading to the World War II 

  Aggressive foreign policies of Germany, Italy and Japan

  • Aggressive policies made war more likely and worldwide in scope
  • Reasons for Japan’s alliances with Italy and Germany
  • The attack on Pearl Harbour
• Anglo-french Appeasement Policies 
  • Appeasement: why Britain and France chose to follow this policy and how it was carried out.
• Course of the War: Europe, Africa and Far East. 
• American Entry and Contribution to War 
• Reasons for the Defeat of the Axis Powers 

Factors leading to the War: aggressive foreign policies of Germany, Italy and Japan.

• Should be discussed in some detail, showing how these aggressive policies made war more likely and worldwide in scope.
• Reasons for Japan’s alliances with Italy and Germany should be briefly explained, leading to the attack on Pearl Harbour.

Anglo-French appeasement policies.

• Appeasement: why Britain and France chose to follow this policy and how it was carried out

Course of the War: Europe, Africa and Far East. American entry and contribution.

• Main theatres of the War during 1939-1945 should be done separately in chronological order; the main battles should be done in some detail: El Alamein, Stalingrad, Midway, the Normandy landings and the policy of "island hopping" in the Pacific. The US contribution should be done separately for Europe and the Pacific.

Reasons for the defeat of the Axis Powers.

• Each of the reasons for the defeat of the Axis should be explained

• China - Civil War and the Establishment of the People's Republic in 1949 

  An outline of the post-war struggle between the KMT and CCP and the victory of the Communists. The causes of Communist victory should be stated and briefly explained.

• Mao Tse Tung 
• Agrarian and Industrial Policy 

  A short background of the problems facing the Communists in 1949: in agriculture, the gradual process from land distribution to collective farms should be outlined; in industry, the Five Year Plan and Soviet help

• Political and Economic Developments of China 

  The 100 Flowers Campaign should be covered in brief. The Great Leap Forward should be covered in more detail, particularly the development of commune and assessment
  of the GLF. Finally, a brief outline of the Cultural Revolution and its impact on China.

• Contribution of Mao 
• Ghana - Democracy, Dictatorship and Military Government (1957-69). 
• Kenya - Conflict and Independence (1947 – 1969) 

China: civil war and the establishment of the People's Republic in 1949; Mao Tse Tung; agrarian and industrial policy; political and economic developments; contribution of Mao

• A brief overview of the developments after Chiang Kai-shek’s rise to power (1924) to the truce between the KMT and the CCP in 1936 to be given.
• An outline of the post-war struggle between the KMT and CCP and the victory of the
  Communists. The causes of Communist victory should be stated and briefly explained.
• A short background of the problems facing the Communists in 1949: in agriculture, the gradual process from land distribution to collective farms should be outlined; in
  industry, the Five Year Plan and Soviet help. The 100 Flowers Campaign should be
  covered in brief. The Great Leap Forward should be covered in more detail, particularly the development of commune and assessment of the GLF. Finally, a brief outline of the Cultural Revolution and its impact on China. Estimate of Mao should be short and to the point.

Ghana: democracy, dictatorship and military government (1957-69).

• Brief background to independence, Nkrumah’s role, reasons for his overthrow; coup of 1966

Kenya: conflict and independence (1947 – 1969).

• Background: conflict over independence and role of Kenyatta

• Civil Rights Movement 
• Anti-Apartheid Movement 
• Feminist Movement 
• Racial Problems and Civil Rights in USA in the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s 
  • Racial discrimination, change in the government’s attitude, campaign for equal rights (Dr. Martin Luther King’s role)

Civil Rights Movement, anti-Apartheid Movement; Feminist Movement.

• Racial problems and civil rights in USA in the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s: Racial discrimination, change in the government’s attitude, campaign for equal rights (Dr. Martin Luther King’s role).
• Anti-Apartheid Movement in South Africa (1948-1994): main features of Apartheid,
  opposition to Apartheid (Dr Nelson Mandela’s role), transition to black majority rule and the end of Apartheid
• Second Wave Feminist Movement in USA (early 1960s – early 1980’s): reasons for its
  origin (the impact of the Presidential Commission, Betty Friedan’s book and the
  Civil Rights Movement; Equal Pay Act of 1963 – its implications for American women,
  successive measures taken by Johnson (Civil Rights Act of 1964), role of National
  Organisation for Women (NOW) and its campaign for the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA). Socio-cultural impact of the Movement to be mentioned briefly.

• Post War Conflict in Palestine After World War I, Till the Formation of the State of Israel 
  • The conflicting promises made by the British to the Arabs and the Jews: Husain-MacMahon correspondence, the Sykes-Picot Agreement and the Balfour Declaration. All these need to be understood clearly.
  • The impact of World War II and the intensification of the conflict against Britain’s decision to withdraw - the UNO’s plan. Creation of Israel and the War of Liberation (a chronological account should suffice here).
• The Arab-israeli Wars from 1948 to Camp David Accord (1979) 

  The following conflicts should be studied – First Arab-Israeli Conflict (1948-1949), the Suez Crisis (1956), the Six-Day War (1967), the Yom Kippur War (1973), Sadat and the Camp David Accord (1979). For each of these events, the causes and results should be studied in detail. Events to be covered briefly. The origin and formation of the PLO.

• Oslo Peace Accords (1993) 

  Intifada and the change in the attitude of Israel and the PLO leading to the Oslo Peace Accords: assessment of the main features: why it failed to bring peace.

Post War conflict in Palestine after World War I, till the formation of the state of Israel.

• Aims of Arab nationalism and Zionism. Impact of World War I: the conflicting promises made by the British to the Arabs and the Jews: Husain-MacMahon correspondence, the Sykes-Picot Agreement and the Balfour Declaration. All these need to be understood clearly. A general outline of events in the British Mandate of Palestine from 1919 to the Arab Revolt of the late 1930s (the increased immigration of Jews and the resultant conflict).
• The impact of World War II and the intensification of the conflict against Britain’s decision to withdraw – the UNO’s plan. Creation of Israel and the War of
  Liberation (a chronological account should suffice here).

The Arab-Israeli Wars from 1948 to Camp David Accord (1979).

• The following conflicts should be studied – First Arab- Israeli Conflict (1948-1949), the Suez Crisis (1956), the Six Day War (1967), the Yom Kippur War (1973), Sadat and the Camp David Accord (1979). For each of these events, the causes and results should be studied in detail. Events to be covered briefly. The origin and formation of the PLO

Oslo Peace Accords (1993).

• Intifada and the change in attitude of Israel and the PLO leading to the Oslo Peace
  Accords: assessment of the main features: why it failed to bring peace.