Geography Class 7 ICSE CISCE Topics and Syllabus

• Use of Colours on Topographical Sheets 
  • Blue – Waterbody
  • Red – Settlements
  • Yellow – Agriculture
  • Brown – High relief
  • Green – Forests
• Use of Scales for Measurement 
  • types of scales (representative fraction, linear scale)
• Measuring Distance on the Map Using Scales 
  • (straight line, curved line).
• Conventional Signs and Symbols 
  • (based on topographical sheets of Survey of India)

Use of colours on Topographical sheets

• Blue – Waterbody
• Red – Settlements
• Yellow – Agriculture
• Brown – High relief
• Green – Forests

Use of scales for measurement

• types of scales (representative fraction, linear scale).

Measuring distance on the map using scales

• (straight line, curved line).

Conventional signs & symbols

• (based on topographical sheets of Survey of India).

• Atmosphere 
  • The layers of Earth's atmosphere: Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere, Thermosphere, and Exosphere.
  • Composition of air
• Composition of the Atmosphere 
• Structure of the Atmosphere 
  • Troposphere
  • Stratosphere (ozone layer)
  • Mesosphere
  • Thermosphere
  • Exosphere
• Green House Effect 
  • meaning and causes.
• Global Warming 
  • Introduction
  • Causes of ozone depletion (Greenhouse gases, deforestation, burning of fossil fuels);
  • Impact of global warming (Melting of Ice caps & sea-level rise, changing patterns of distribution of precipitation and temperature, etc.)
• Ways to Reduce Global Warming 

Introduction

Composition of the Atmosphere

Structure of the Atmosphere

• (a brief description of Troposphere, Stratosphere (ozone layer), Thermosphere, Mesosphere, Exosphere).

Green House Effect

• meaning and causes.

Global warming

• Introduction
• Causes of ozone depletion (Greenhouse gases, deforestation, burning of fossil fuels);
• Impact of global warming (Melting of Ice caps & sea-level rise, changing patterns of distribution of precipitation and temperature, etc.)

Ways to reduce global warming (in general).

• Elements of Weather 
  • Temperature
  • Atmospheric pressure
  • Humidity
  • Precipitation (rain, dew, hail, snow)
  • Winds
  • Cloud (different types)
• Difference Between Weather and Climate 
• Weather Instruments 
  • Thermometer
  • Rain gauge
  • Barometer
  • Hygrometer
  • Anemometer and wind vane (Brief explanation with diagrams)
• Isohytes and Isotherms 
  • meaning and diagrams only

Elements of Weather

• Temperature
• Atmospheric pressure
• Humidity
• Precipitation (rain, dew, hail, snow)
• Winds
• Cloud (different types)

Difference between Weather and Climate

Weather Instruments

• Thermometer
• Rain gauge
• Barometer
• Hygrometer
• Anemometer and wind vane (Brief explanation with diagrams)

Isohytes and Isotherms

• meaning and diagrams only

• Rock and it's Types 
• Weathering 
  • Meaning
  • Factors Affecting Weathering
  • Biological Weathering 
    •  Mass movements (Mass Wasting)

    1. Rapid mass movements
    2. Slower mass movements

    • Erosion
  • Chemical Weathering 
    1. Oxidation
    2. Carbonation
    3. Solution
    4. Hydration
• Mechanical Weathering 
  • Temperature
  • Frost
  • Crystal growth
  • Release of pressure
  • Water
• Introduction of Soil 
  • Concept of Soil Profile 
    • Humus, Weathering, Horizons, Topsoil

Types of rocks

• (igneous, metamorphic, sedimentary): formation with examples

Weathering

• meaning
• actors affecting
• weathering

Types of weathering

• (mechanical, chemical, biological): brief explanation
• soil formation as a result of weathering

Soil profile

• importance of soil conservation
• methods of soil conservation.

• Introduction to Industries 
• Need for Industries in the World. 
• Types of Industries 
• Factors Related to the Establishment of an Industry 
• Important Industries of the World 
  • Iron and Steel
  • Cotton Textile
  • Information Technology
  • Sugar Industry
  • shipbuilding
  • fishing
  • automobile
  • important centers of these industries and their location on the world map.
• Pollution Due to Industries and Their Prevention 

Introduction

Need for industries in the world.

Types of industries

• large scale,
• small scale,
• cottage industries
• agro-based industries.

Factors related to the establishment of an industry.

Important industries of the world

• Iron and Steel
• Cotton Textile
• Information Technology
• Sugar Industry
• shipbuilding
• fishing
• automobile
• important centers of these industries and their location on the world map.

Pollution due to industries and their prevention.

• Introduction of Energy and Power Resources 
  • sources of energy
  • renewable and non-renewable energy resources
• Renewable Energy Sources 

  biogas, solar energy, wind energy, energy from falling of water, run-of-the river schemes, energy from waste, tidal energy, etc. Issues of economic viability and ability to meet demands.

• Non-renewable Energy Sources 

  coal, oil, natural gas. Inequitable use of energy in urban and rural areas.

• Hydroelectric Projects 
  • names of the major hydroelectric power projects in India with the names of the river and the state in which they are located. Locating on a map.
• Conservation of Energy and Power Resources 

Introduction

• sources of energy
• renewable and non-renewable energy resources

Renewable Energy Sources

• Solar Power
• Hydro-Power
• Wind Power

Non-renewable Energy Sources

• coal
• petroleum

Hydroelectric projects

• names of the major hydroelectric power projects in India with the names of the river and the state in which they are located. Locating on a map.

Conservation of energy and power resources

• Europe, Africa, Australia 
  • Introduction
  • Location
  • Boundaries
  • Political divisions (countries with capitals)
  • Major Physical Features
  • Locating the above on the world map.
• Case Studies 
  • Tourism in Switzerland (Europe)
  • Cocoa cultivation in Ghana (Africa)
  • Sheep rearing in Australia (or any other)
• Antarctica – the Uninhabited Continent 
  • Location
  • Boundaries
  • Climate
  • Human void zone

Europe, Africa, Australia

• Introduction
• Location
• Boundaries
• Political divisions (countries with capitals)
• Major Physical Features
• Locating the above on the world map.

Case Studies

• Tourism in Switzerland (Europe)
• Cocoa cultivation in Ghana (Africa)
• Sheep rearing in Australia (or any other)

Antarctica – the uninhabited continent

• Location
• Boundaries
• Climate
• Human void zone