Commercial Applications Class 10 ICSE CISCE Topics and Syllabus

Definition of markets and marketing – with examples from consumer goods, consumer services.

A clear understanding of markets (wherever a buy and sell takes place is a market); examples of non-traditional markets such as catalogues, direct sales, tele-markets, etc. Definition and stages of marketing

Difference between a product and a service (with examples).

With service becoming important, the distinctions between products and services must be clearly understood.

Understanding 4 ‘P’s– Product, Price, Place and Promotion.

Product life-cycle, pricing strategies such as skimming, penetration, parity, cost plus, place - distribution channels, promotional strategies, concept of advertising, direct selling, publicity.

Advertising and brand promotion.

Definition, concept and types of advertising. Definition of brand, how to bring about brand promotion

Sales and the selling process, including the difference between marketing and sales; qualities of a good salesman.

Self explanatory.

GAAP to be explained - Entity concept, duality concept, matching concept, moneymeasurement concept, going concern concept.

• Principles of Financial Accounting and Reporting 
• Receipt and Payment Account 
  • Meaning of receipt and payment account
  • Features of receipt and payment account
  • Uses of receipt and payment account
  • Differences in receipt and payment account
• Income and Expenditure Account 
  • Meaning of income and expenditure account
  • Features of income and expenditure account
  • Uses of income and expenditure account
  • Differences in income and expenditure account
• Balance Sheet 
  • Meaning of balance sheet
  • Features of balance sheet
  • Uses of balance sheet

a simple understanding of receipt and payment account, income and expenditure account, balance sheet.

Concept of balance sheet.

• Introduction to Banking 
• Central Bank: Functions 
  • Meaning of Central Bank
  • Functions of Central Bank (A brief understanding of the functions)

  1. Monopoly of Note issue
  2. Bankers Bank
  3. Banker
  4. Agent and Advisor to the Government
  5. Custodian of Foreign Exchange
  6. Lender of the Last Resort

  • Difference between the Central Bank and Commercial Banks
• Commercial Banks: Functions 
  • Meaning of Commercial Bank
  • Functions of Commercial banks

  1. Accepting deposits (a brief understanding of the types of deposits);
  2. Advancing loans (a brief understanding of the types of loans, methods of advancing loans);
  3. Credit creation (a brief understanding of credit creation on the basis of Primary and derivative deposits).
• Types of Accounts 
  • Types of Accounts

  1. Savings Account
  2. Current Account
  3. Recurring Account
  4. Fixed Account

  • Difference between Savings, Current, Recurring and Fixed Account.
• Banking Transactions 
  • Requirement for an account holder for operating a bank account - Passbook, cheque book, Pay-in slip book
  • Advantages of bank account
  • Advantages and disadvantages of cheques
  • When can a bank refuse payment of a cheque
  • Automated Teller Machine (ATM)
  • Difference between Cheque and Bank draft

functions of the Central Bank and commercial banks, types of accounts and banking transactions.

Function of Commercial Banks and Central Bank.

Classification of cost according to nature (direct and indirect), behaviour (variable, fixed and semi-fixed).

• Human Resource in a Commercial Organization 
  • Features of Human Resource Management
• Role of Human Resource Management 
• Functions of Human Resource Management 
  • Managerial function
  • Operative function 

Role of human resource in any organization. Functions of human resources.

• Recruitment 
  • Meaning of Recruitment
  • Definiton of Recruitment
  • Reasons Behind Recruitment
• Sources of Recruitment 
  • Sources of recruitment

  1. Internal sources (promotion, transfer, ex-employees, recommendation by employees)
  2. External sources (advertisements, campus recruitment, casual callers, gate hiring, employment exchanges, placement agencies, labour contractors, Direct, Indirect)
• Methods of Recruitment 
  • Direct and indirect methods of recruitment
• Advantages and Disadvantages of Recruitment 
  • Advantages and disadvantages of internal and external sources
• Introduction to Flow of Control 
  • Selection 
    • Meaning of Selection
• Methods of Selection 
• Types of Interviews 

Definition, types and methods of recruitment, selection and training.

• Concept of Public Relations 
  • Meaning and Features of public relations
• Scope of Public Relations 

Self explanatory.

• Elements of Public Relations 
  • Human relations
  • Empathy
  • Persuasion
  • Dialogue

human relations, empathy, persuasion and dialogue. The definition, nature and importance of empathy, persuasion and dialogue.

Self-explanatory.

Growing role of ethics in business and public relations.

• Environmental Values and Ethics 
  • Fundamental duties and value education.
  • Use of cloth bags, organic manure, clean surroundings, respect for other people’s things, developing an ethical environmental consciousness e.g., refusing the use of polybags, styrofoam containers, etc.; reusing plastic and glass containers; recycling: e.g., paper – this
    will reduce demand on wood and save trees.

(i) Destruction of ecosystem due to industrialization, dwelling of business units, transport, tourism and mining.

(ii) Excessive consumption of minerals, raw materials and other non-renewable resources.

(iii) Energy crisis: Urban and rural sectors. Renewable and non-renewable energy, greenhouse effect and global warming, acid rain, and

(iv) Environmental values and ethics.

Fundamental duties and value education. Use of cloth bags, organic manure, clean surroundings, respect for other people’s things, developing an ethical environmental consciousness e.g. refusing use of polybags, styrofoam containers, etc; reusing: plastic and glass containers; recycling: e.g. paper – this will reduce demand on wood and save trees.

Self explanatory.

(v) Consumer education - consumer rights, making correct choices while buying different items; food adulteration.

Understanding the importance of educating consumers of their rights - awareness of food adulteration and its harmful effects.

(vi) Effects of pollution on environment, human, health.

Bhopal Gas Tragedy; Chernobyl Disaster

• Consumer Education 
  • Meaning of Consumer Education
• Understanding the Importance of Educating Consumers of Their Rights 
  • Technical and Administrative Measures for Consumer Protection
  • A brief understanding of:

  1.  Public Distribution System (PDS);
  2. Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS);
  3. AGMARK,
  4. ECOMARK
• Types of Consumer Rights 
  • Making correct choices while buying different items
• Food Adulteration 
  • Food adulteration and its harmful effect