Biology 2015-2016 HSC Science (General) 12th Standard Board Exam Question Paper Solution

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Biology
Marks: 70 Academic Year: 2015-2016
Date & Time: 4th March 2016, 11:00 am
Duration: 3h
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[7]1 |  Select and write the most appropriate answer from the given alternatives for each sub-question
[1]1.1

The phenotypic ratio of incomplete dominance is _____________.

2 : 1

1 : 2 : 1

1 : 1 : 1

1 : 1 : 2

9 : 3 : 3 : 1

1 : 1

3 : 1

Concept: Extensions of Mendelian Genetics (Deviation from Mendelism)
Chapter:
[1]1.2

The number of purines in a segment of DNA molecule is 68. What will be the number of pyrimidines in this segment?

(a) 34

(b) 43

(c) 68

(d) 86

Concept: Structure of DNA and RNA
Chapter:
[1]1.3

Alcoholic fermentation is brought about by _____________.

(a) Lactobacillus

(b) Saccharomyces

(c) Trichoderma

(d) Streptomyces

Concept: Microbes in Household Products
Chapter:
[1]1.4

Which of the following is not a photosynthetic pigment?

(a) Carotene

(b) Xanthophyll

(c) Phycobillins

(d) Anthocyanin

Concept: Pigments Are Involved in Photosynthesis
Chapter:
[1]1.5

Which one of the following is a stop codon?

(a) UAG

(b) UAC

(c) AUG

(d) UCA

Concept: Translation
Chapter:
[1]1.6

Pyruvate undergoes oxidative decarboxylation to produce _____________.

(a) 2-PGA

(b) α-Ketoglutarate

(c) Succinyl-Co-A

(d) Acetyl-Co-A

Concept: Phases of Respiration: Glycolysis
Chapter:
[1]1.7

Which day is observed as ‘World Environment Day’?

(a) 21st May

(b) 5 th June

(c) 25th September

(d) 13th December

Concept: Greenhouse Effect and Climate Change
Chapter:
[12]2
[6]2.1 | Answer in ‘one’ sentence only
[2]2.1.1

What is test cross?

Concept: Extensions of Mendelian Genetics (Deviation from Mendelism)
Chapter:
[2]2.1.2

What is mycoherbicide?

Concept: Biotechnological Applications in Agriculture
Chapter:
[2]2.1.3

What is Anticodon?

Concept: Genetic Code - tRNA – the Adapter Molecule
Chapter:
[2]2.1.4

What is Humification?

Concept: Decomposition
Chapter:
[2]2.1.5

How CO2 makes idlies puffy?

Concept: DNA Replication
Chapter: [0.04] Molecular Basis of Inheritance
[2]2.1.6

What is ecological succession?

Concept: Ecological Succession
Chapter: [0.14] Ecosystems and Energy Flow
[2]2.2

Sketch and label the ‘Ultrastructure of Chloroplast’.

Concept: Site of Photosynthesis
Chapter:
[4]2.3 | Answer the following (Any TWO)
[2]2.3.1

Write a short note on ‘Mutational breeding’.

Concept: Plant Breeding
Chapter: [0.11] Enhancement of Food Production
[2]2.3.2

Enlist the advantages of Biogas

Concept: Microbes in Production of Biogas
Chapter:
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[2]2.3.3

Explain ‘Carbon cycle’.

Concept: Nutrient Cycling
Chapter: [0.14] Ecosystems and Energy Flow
[2]2.3.4

Give the floral adaptations for chiropterophily.

Concept: Theories of Biological Evolution - Adaptive Radiation
Chapter: [0.05] Origin and Evolution of Life
[9]3
[6]3.1 |  Answer the following (Any TWO):
[3]3.1.1

Why the ratio in pleiotropy is 2 : 1? Explain it with example.

Concept: Extensions of Mendelian Genetics (Deviation from Mendelism)
Chapter:
[3]3.1.2

Give the schematic representation of TCA cycle.

Concept: Phases of Respiration: Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle Or Kreb’s Cycle)
Chapter:
[3]3.1.3

Differentiate between cyclic and non-cyclic photophosphorylation.

Concept: Electron Transport - Cyclic and Non-cyclic Photo-phosphorylation
Chapter:
[3]3.2

Give diagrammatic representation to show a perfect pairing and any ‘two’ Wobble pairings.

Concept: Protein synthesis - Transcription - Introduction of Transcription
Chapter:
[7]4 | Attempt any one of following :
[7]4.1

What is double fertilisation? Describe the process in brief.

Concept: Double Fertilization and Triple Fusion in Plant
Chapter: [0.01] Reproduction in Lower and Higher Plants
[7]4.2

Define r-DNA technology.

Concept: Transposons
Chapter:

Give the basic steps in r-DNA technology

Concept: Transposons
Chapter:

Give any ‘three’ examples of the therapeutic products produced by r-DNA technology?

Concept: Transposons
Chapter:
[7]5 | Select and write the most appropriate answer from the given alternatives for each sub-question
[1]5.1

If centromere is situated in the middle of the chromosome, it is called ________.

(a) Metacentric

(b) Acrocentric

(c) Submetacentric

(d) Telocentric

Concept: Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance
Chapter: [0.03] Inheritance and Variation
[1]5.2

Which one of the following is useful in treatment of burns and wound healing?

Tissue plasminogen activator

Tissue growth factor

DNAse

Bovine growth hormone

Concept: Commercial Applications of Biotechnology
Chapter: [0.12] Biotechnology
[1]5.3

Erythroblastosis foetalis is caused when the mother is ____________.

Rh+ve

With antibody ‘A’

Rh-ve

With antibody ‘B’

Concept: Embryonic Development in Human
Chapter: [0.02] Reproduction in Lower and Higher Animals
[1]5.4

Deposition of fatty substances in the lining of arteries results in ____________.

Arteriosclerosis

Atherosclerosis

Hyperglycemia

Hypotension

Concept: Circulation
Chapter: [0.08] Respiration and Circulation
[1]5.5

Struggle between cow and cow for getting grass is called ________.

(a) Inter-specific struggle

(b) Environmental struggle

(c) Struggle against natural calamities

(d) Intra-specific struggle

Concept: Ecosystems Patterns
Chapter:
[1]5.6

In which type of adaptation, forelimbs are modified into wings?

(a) Aquatic adaptations

(b) Volant adaptations

(c) Arboreal adaptations

(d) Cursorial adaptations

Concept: Theories of Biological Evolution - Adaptive Radiation
Chapter: [0.05] Origin and Evolution of Life
[1]5.7

Mating of two closely related individuals within the same breed is called ______.

(a) In-breeding

(b) Out-breeding

(c) Out-crossing

(d) Cross-breeding

Concept: Animal Husbandry (Livestock)
Chapter: [0.11] Enhancement of Food Production
[12]6
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[6]6.1 |  Answer the following in ‘one’ sentence each:
[1]6.1.1

Visit of a veterinary doctor to dairy farm is mandatory. Give reasons.

Concept: Animal Husbandry (Livestock)
Chapter: [0.11] Enhancement of Food Production
[1]6.1.2

Why aquatic animals can afford to be ammonotelic?

Concept: Modes of Excretion: Ammonotelism, Ureotelism, and Uricotelism
Chapter: [10.02] Excretion and Osmoregulation
[1]6.1.3

Why PUC is mandatory for vehicles?

Concept: Prevention of Air Pollution
Chapter: [0.15] Biodiversity, Conservation and Environmental Issues
[1]6.1.4

Define organic evolution.

Concept: Theories of Origin of Life
Chapter: [0.05] Origin and Evolution of Life
[1]6.1.5

Give the genotype of Turner’s syndrome.

Concept: Genetic Disorders
Chapter: [0.03] Inheritance and Variation
[1]6.1.6

Write down the full form of R.F.L.P.

Concept: DNA Fingerprinting Technique
Chapter: [0.04] Molecular Basis of Inheritance
[2]6.2

Sketch and label T.S. of vein

Concept: Circulatory Pathways - Human Circulatory System
Chapter:
[4]6.3 | Attempt any TWO of the following:
[2]6.3.1

Give any ‘two’ factors responsible for genetic variation.

Concept: Theories of Biological Evolution - Modern Synthetic Theory of Evolution
Chapter: [0.05] Origin and Evolution of Life
[2]6.3.2

Give the name and function for ‘A’ and ‘B’ from the diagram given below

Concept: Gametogenesis
Chapter: [0.02] Reproduction in Lower and Higher Animals
[2]6.3.3

Write a note on ‘artificial acquired active immunity’.

Concept: Immunity
Chapter: [0.1] Human Health and Diseases
[2]6.3.4

Give the economic importance of ‘fisheries’

Concept: Animal Husbandry (Livestock)
Chapter: [0.11] Enhancement of Food Production
[9]7
[6]7.1 | Attempt any TWO of the following:
[3]7.1.1

Explain sex determination in human beings.

Concept: Sex Determination
Chapter: [0.03] Inheritance and Variation
[3]7.1.2

Describe steady population with the help of a pyramid.

Concept: Population
Chapter: [0.13] Organisms and Populations
[3]7.1.3

Illustrate any ‘three’ genes which can be used in gene therapy.

Concept: Commercial Applications of Biotechnology
Chapter: [0.12] Biotechnology
[3]7.2

Sketch and label ‘L.S. of human kidney’

Concept: Human Excretory System
Chapter: [10.02] Excretion and Osmoregulation
[7]8
[7]8.1

With the help of diagrammatic representation, explain the process of gametogenesis

Concept: Gametogenesis
Chapter: [0.02] Reproduction in Lower and Higher Animals
[7]8.2

Describe the structure of the cerebrum. Add a note on its function.

Concept: Central Nervous System (CNS): Structure of Human Brain
Chapter: [0.09] Control and Co-ordination

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