Question

What are the differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration? Name some organisms that use the anaerobic mode of respiration.

What are the differences between the transport of materials in xylem and phloem?

What is the main difference between aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration? Give one example of each.

Answer 1

Aerobic respiration	Anaerobic respiration
It occurs in the presence of O2.	It occurs in the absence of O2.
It involves the exchange of gases between the organism and the outside environment.	Exchange of gases is absent.
It occurs in cytoplasm and mitochondria.	It occurs only in cytoplasm.
It always releases CO2 and H2O.	End products vary.

Answer 2

Aerobic respiration	Anaerobic respiration
Xylem tissue helps in the transport of water and minerals.	Phloem tissue helps in the transport of food.
Water is transported upwards from roots to all other plant parts.	Food is transported in both upward and downward directions.
Transport in xylem occurs with the help of simple physical forces such as transpiration pull.	Transport of food in phloem requires energy in the form of ATP.
Here, complete breakdown of food occurs.	Here, partial breakdown of food occurs.
Here, the end products are carbon dioxide and water.	Here, the end products are ethanol and carbon dioxide (as in yeast) or lactic acid (as in animal muscles).
It releases a large amount of energy.	It produces less amount of energy.

The organisms that use an anaerobic mode of respiration include some bacteria and microorganisms such as yeast.