The question below consists of a main statement followed by four numbered statements. From the numbered statements, select the one that logically follows the main statement.
Whenever an accident occurs, either an injury or death takes place.
Options
If death or an injury takes place, then an accident must have occurred.
If death did not take place and an injury did not occur, then an accident did not occur.
If an accident does not occur, neither an injury nor a death takes place.
If an accident occurs and death takes place, then injury does not occur.
Solution
p - Whenever an accident occurs
q - either an injury
or r - death takes place.
Statement: Whenever p, q or r.
Conclusions:
(I) p => q or r
(ii) ~q & ~r => ~p
(iii) p & ~q => r
(iv) p & ~r => q
Conclusions:
(i) An accident occurred, so an injury or death takes place,
(ii) An injury did not take place and death did not take place, means that an accident did not occur,
(iii) An accident occurred and an injury did not take place, means a death takes place,
(iv) An accident occurred but death did not take place, which means that an injury takes place.
"If death did not take place and an injury did not occur, then an accident did not occur." is the correct option.
