Sucrose decomposes in acid solution to give glucose and fructose according to the first order rate law. The half life of the reaction is 3 hours. Calculate fraction of sucrose which will remain after 8 hours - Chemistry

Sucrose decomposes in acid solution to give glucose and fructose according to the first order rate law. The half life of the reaction is 3 hours. Calculate fraction of sucrose which will remain after 8 hours.

Solution

For a first order reaction

k = 2.303/t log ([R]_0/[[R]])

it is given that t1/2 = 3 hours

therefore,

k= 0.693/t_(1/2)

k = 0.693/3 h-1

k = 0.231 h-1

therefore 0.231=2.303/(8h) log([R]_0/[[R]])

therefore log([R]_0/[[R]]) = (0.231h^-1 times 8h)/2.303

therefore [R]_0/[[R]] = antilog(0.8024)

therefore [R]_0/[[R]] = 6.3445

therefore [[R]]/[R]_0 ~~ 0.1576

therefore [[R]]/[R]_0 = 0.158

Hence the fraction of the sample of sucrose that remains after 8 hours is 0.158.

Concept: Integrated Rate Equations - Half-life of a Reaction
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NCERT Class 12 Chemistry
Chapter 4 Chemical Kinetics
Q 25 | Page 120