Reduce the following differential equation to the variable separable form and hence solve: dydxx + ydydx=cos(x + y) - Mathematics and Statistics

Sum

Reduce the following differential equation to the variable separable form and hence solve:

`"dy"/"dx" = cos("x + y")`

Put x + y = u. Then `1 + "dy"/"dx" = "du"/"dx"`

∴ `"dy"/"dx" = "du"/"dx" - 1`

∴ (1) becomes, `"du"/"dx" - 1` = cos u

∴ `"du"/"dx"` = 1 + cos u

∴ `1/(1 + cos "u")`du = dx

Integrating both sides, we get

`int 1/(1 + cos "u") "du" = int "dx"`

∴ `int 1/(2cos^2 ("u"/2)) "du" = int "dx"`

∴ `1/2 int sec^2 ("u"/2)"du" = int "dx"`

∴ `1/2 (tan("u"/2))/(1/2) = "x" + c`

∴ tan (("x + y")/2) = x + c

This is the general solution.

Concept: Formation of Differential Equations

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Chapter 6 Differential Equations
Exercise 6.3 | Q 4.1 | Page 201