Answer 1

Following are the factors responsible for speciation:-

1. Genetic drift

2. Natural selection

3. Reproductive isolation

4. Geographical isolation

Answer 2

The factors which could lead to speciation are

1. The geographical isolation of population caused by various types of barriers such as mountain ranges, rivers, and seas. This leads to reproductive isolation because of which there is no flow of genes between separated groups of the population.

2. Genetic drift caused by drastic changes in the frequencies of particular genes by chance alone.

3. Variations caused in individuals because of natural selection.